Geisler C
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Oct;51(4):844-51. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.4.844.
Female undergraduates (N = 33) selected for the presence of high sexual guilt were divided into two groups. One group evidenced a high degree of personality development from which it was inferred that they were prone toward (a) the use of repression rather than more primitive defenses and (b) oedipal rather than preoedipal conflict. The second group evidenced a lesser degree of personality development, and hence the above inferences did not apply. The subliminal psychodynamic activation method was used with both groups to investigate the effects on repression of intensifying and diminishing unconscious conflict over sexual wishes. Subjects were exposed to the verbal stimuli "LOVING DADDY IS WRONG" (conflict intensifying), "LOVING DADDY IS OK" (conflict reducing), and "PEOPLE ARE WALKING" (neutral control), each accompanied by a congruent picture both before (in one condition) and after (in another) a recall test of both neutral and sexual material. The conflict-reduction condition did not affect memory of the passages, but the conflict-intensification condition did for the group with the greater degree of personality development, when this condition was presented before the material to be remembered, and for the recall of neutral passages. The special conditions necessary for demonstration of repression are viewed as shedding light on why it has previously been difficult to show evidence of repression in laboratory experiments.
选取了33名存在高度性内疚感的女大学生，并将她们分为两组。其中一组表现出较高程度的人格发展，由此推断她们倾向于（a）使用压抑而非更原始的防御机制，以及（b）经历俄狄浦斯冲突而非前俄狄浦斯冲突。第二组表现出较低程度的人格发展，因此上述推断并不适用。对两组都使用了阈下心理动力激活方法，以研究强化和减弱关于性愿望的无意识冲突对压抑的影响。在对中性和性相关材料进行回忆测试之前（在一种条件下）和之后（在另一种条件下），让受试者接触言语刺激“爱爸爸是不对的”（冲突强化）、“爱爸爸是可以的”（冲突减弱）以及“人们在走路”（中性对照），每次刺激都伴有一幅相符的图片。冲突减弱条件对段落记忆没有影响，但对于人格发展程度较高的组，当冲突强化条件在要记忆的材料之前呈现时，会影响对该材料的记忆，并且对中性段落的回忆也有影响。被视为揭示压抑现象所需的特殊条件，有助于解释为什么以前在实验室实验中难以证明压抑的存在。
