Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 2;24(19):14833. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914833.
Potato virus Y, an important viral pathogen of potato, has several genetic variants and geographic distributions which could be affected by environmental factors, aphid vectors, and reservoir plants. PVY is transmitted to virus-free potato plants by aphids and passed on to the next vegetative generations through tubers, but the effects of tuber transmission in PVY is largely unknown. By using high-throughput sequencing, we investigated PVY populations transmitted to potato plants by aphids in different climate zones of Russia, namely the Moscow and Astrakhan regions. We analyzed sprouts from the tubers produced by field-infected plants to investigate the impact of tuber transmission on PVY genetics. We found a significantly higher diversity of PVY isolates in the Astrakhan region, where winters are shorter and milder and summers are warmer compared to the Moscow region. While five PVY types, NTNa, NTNb, N:O, N-Wi, and SYR-I, were present in both regions, SYRI-II, SYRI-III, and 261-4 were only found in the Astrakhan region. All these recombinants were composed of the genome sections derived from PVY types O and N, but no full-length sequences of such types were present. The composition of the PVY variants in the tuber sprouts was not always the same as in their parental plants, suggesting that tuber transmission impacts PVY genetics.
马铃薯 Y 病毒是一种重要的马铃薯病毒病原体，具有多种遗传变异体和地理分布，这些变异体和地理分布可能受到环境因素、蚜虫介体和寄主植物的影响。PVY 通过蚜虫传播到无病毒马铃薯植株上，并通过块茎传递到下一个营养代，但块茎传播对 PVY 的影响在很大程度上是未知的。通过高通量测序，我们调查了俄罗斯不同气候带（即莫斯科和阿斯特拉罕地区）通过蚜虫传播到马铃薯植株上的 PVY 种群。我们分析了田间感染植物产生的块茎的芽，以研究块茎传播对 PVY 遗传的影响。我们发现，与莫斯科地区相比，阿斯特拉罕地区的 PVY 分离株多样性显著更高，那里的冬季更短、更温和，夏季更温暖。虽然在两个地区都存在 5 种 PVY 类型（NTNa、NTNb、N:O、N-Wi 和 SYR-I），但仅在阿斯特拉罕地区发现了 SYRI-II、SYRI-III 和 261-4。所有这些重组体都是由 O 和 N 型 PVY 基因组片段组成的，但不存在这些类型的全长序列。块茎芽中 PVY 变体的组成并不总是与其亲本植物相同，这表明块茎传播会影响 PVY 的遗传。
