Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Water Management Program Performance across a United States Lodging Organization.

, the bacterium that causes Legionnaires' disease, can grow and spread in building water systems and devices. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted building water systems through reductions in water usage. growth risk factors can be mitigated through control measures, such as flushing, to address stagnation, as part of a water management program (WMP). A national lodging organization (NLO) provided WMP data, including environmental testing results for periods before and during the pandemic. The statistical analysis revealed an increased risk of water samples testing positive for during the pandemic, with the greatest increase in risk observed at the building's cold-water entry test point. Sample positivity did not vary by season, highlighting the importance of year-round control activities. The NLO's flushing requirements may have prevented an increased risk of growth during the pandemic. However, additional control measures may be needed for some facilities that experience detections. This analysis provides needed evidence for the use of flushing to mitigate the impacts of building water stagnation, as well as the value of routine testing for WMP validation. Furthermore, this report reinforces the idea that WMPs remain the optimal tool to reduce the risk of growth and spread in building water systems.