Remschmidt Bernhard, Rieder Marcus, Gsaxner Christina, Gaessler Jan, Payer Michael, Wallner Juergen
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Sep 25;13(19):3037. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13193037.
Implementation of augmented reality (AR) image guidance systems using preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in apicoectomies promises to help surgeons overcome iatrogenic complications associated with this procedure. This study aims to evaluate the intraoperative feasibility and usability of HoloLens 2, an established AR image guidance device, in the context of apicoectomies. Three experienced surgeons carried out four AR-guided apicoectomies each on human cadaver head specimens. Preparation and operating times of each procedure, as well as the subjective usability of HoloLens for AR image guidance in apicoectomies using the System Usability Scale (SUS), were measured. In total, twelve AR-guided apicoectomies on six human cadaver head specimens were performed ( = 12). The average preparation time amounted to 162 (±34) s. The surgical procedure itself took on average 9 (±2) min. There was no statistically significant difference between the three surgeons. Quantification of the usability of HoloLens revealed a mean SUS score of 80.4 (±6.8), indicating an "excellent" usability level. In conclusion, this study implies the suitability, practicality, and simplicity of AR image guidance systems such as the HoloLens in apicoectomies and advocates their routine implementation.
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