Navarro Irene, de la Torre Adrián, Sanz Paloma, Baldi Isabelle, Harkes Paula, Huerta-Lwanga Esperanza, Nørgaard Trine, Glavan Matjaž, Pasković Igor, Pasković Marija Polić, Abrantes Nelson, Campos Isabel, Alcon Francisco, Contreras Josefina, Alaoui Abdallah, Hofman Jakub, Vested Anne, Bureau Mathilde, Aparicio Virginia, Mandrioli Daniele, Sgargi Daria, Mol Hans, Geissen Violette, Silva Vera, Martínez María Ángeles
Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.
Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:167797. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167797. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Pesticides are widely used as plant protection products (PPPs) in farming systems to preserve crops against pests, weeds, and fungal diseases. Indoor dust can act as a chemical repository revealing occurrence of pesticides in the indoor environment at the time of sampling and the (recent) past. This in turn provides information on the exposure of humans to pesticides in their homes. In the present study, part of the Horizon 2020 funded SPRINT project, the presence of 198 pesticide residues was assessed in 128 indoor dust samples from both conventional and organic farmworker households across Europe, and in Argentina. Mixtures of pesticide residues were found in all dust samples (25-121, min-max; 75, median). Concentrations varied in a wide range (<0.01 ng/g-206 μg/g), with glyphosate and its degradation product AMPA, permethrin, cypermethrin and piperonyl butoxide found in highest levels. Regarding the type of pesticides, insecticides showed significantly higher levels than herbicides and fungicides. Indoor dust samples related to organic farms showed a significantly lower number of residues, total and individual concentrations than those related to conventional farms. Some pesticides found in indoor dust were no longer approved ones (29 %), with acute/chronic hazards to human health (32 %) and with environmental toxicity (21 %).
农药作为植物保护产品（PPPs）在农业系统中被广泛使用，以保护作物免受害虫、杂草和真菌病害的侵害。室内灰尘可作为一个化学储存库，揭示采样时及（近期）过去室内环境中农药的存在情况。这反过来又提供了有关人类在家庭中接触农药的信息。在本研究中，作为地平线2020资助的SPRINT项目的一部分，对来自欧洲和阿根廷的传统和有机农场工人家庭的128份室内灰尘样本中198种农药残留的存在情况进行了评估。在所有灰尘样本中均发现了农药残留混合物（25 - 121，最小值 - 最大值；中位数为75）。浓度范围很广（<0.01 ng/g - 206 μg/g），其中草甘膦及其降解产物氨甲基膦酸、氯菊酯、氯氰菊酯和增效醚的含量最高。就农药类型而言，杀虫剂的含量显著高于除草剂和杀菌剂。与有机农场相关的室内灰尘样本中的残留数量、总浓度和单个浓度均显著低于与传统农场相关的样本。在室内灰尘中发现的一些农药已不再被批准使用（29%），对人类健康有急性/慢性危害（32%）且具有环境毒性（21%）。
