Yoshimura Tomohisa, Manabe Chika, Nagumo Jun-Ichiro, Nagahama Tohru, Sato Takashi, Murakami Shigeru
R&D Laboratories, Department of Self-Medication, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, Saitama 331-9530, Japan.
Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
Exp Ther Med. 2023 Sep 20;26(5):512. doi: 10.3892/etm.2023.12211. eCollection 2023 Nov.
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid derivative that can be found in the majority of mammalian tissues. Taurine is also present in the skin and is involved in maintaining skin homeostasis by exerting osmoregulatory and antioxidant effects. Previous studies have indicated that taurine treatment is effective against age-, ultraviolet- or detergent-induced skin dysfunction. To determine the mechanism responsible for the beneficial actions of taurine in the skin, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of taurine on epidermal components (ceramides and filaggrin) and on the dermal extracellular matrix, in three-dimensionally (3D) cultured epidermis and dermal fibroblasts, respectively. These cells were cultured in the presence of 3-50 mM taurine, and cells or culture medium were collected for analysis. The effects of taurine on transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in the skin and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1 receptor antagonist, were investigated in acetone-treated 3D-cultured epidermis using a Tewameter and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. The mRNA expression levels of MMP-1 and hyaluronic acid (HA) production were measured in skin dermal fibroblasts using RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Taurine was found to suppress acetone-induced elevation in TEWL in 3D-cultured epidermis. Taurine also stimulated the mRNA expression of ceramide synthase 4 and filaggrin, a major structural protein in the stratum corneum, in 3D-cultured epidermis. In skin dermal fibroblasts, taurine inhibited the IL-1α-stimulated mRNA and protein expression of MMP-1. In addition, taurine treatment increased HA synthase-2 mRNA expression and in turn HA production. Results from the present study suggest that the protective effect of taurine on the skin is associated with the enhancement of epidermal barrier component expression and modulation of dermal extracellular matrix metabolism.
牛磺酸是一种含硫氨基酸衍生物，存在于大多数哺乳动物组织中。牛磺酸也存在于皮肤中，通过发挥渗透调节和抗氧化作用参与维持皮肤稳态。先前的研究表明，牛磺酸治疗对衰老、紫外线或洗涤剂诱导的皮肤功能障碍有效。为了确定牛磺酸在皮肤中发挥有益作用的机制，本研究旨在分别评估牛磺酸对三维（3D）培养的表皮和真皮成纤维细胞中表皮成分（神经酰胺和丝聚合蛋白）以及真皮细胞外基质的影响。这些细胞在3 - 50 mM牛磺酸存在的情况下进行培养，然后收集细胞或培养基进行分析。分别使用透皮水分流失仪和逆转录定量PCR（RT - qPCR），在丙酮处理的3D培养表皮中研究牛磺酸对皮肤经表皮水分流失（TEWL）以及包括IL - 1α、IL - 1β和IL - 1受体拮抗剂在内的炎性细胞因子表达的影响。分别使用RT - qPCR和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），在皮肤真皮成纤维细胞中测量基质金属蛋白酶 - 1（MMP - 1）的mRNA表达水平和透明质酸（HA）的产生量。研究发现，牛磺酸可抑制丙酮诱导的3D培养表皮中TEWL的升高。牛磺酸还刺激了3D培养表皮中神经酰胺合酶4和丝聚合蛋白（角质层中的一种主要结构蛋白）的mRNA表达。在皮肤真皮成纤维细胞中，牛磺酸抑制了IL - 1α刺激的MMP - 1的mRNA和蛋白表达。此外，牛磺酸处理增加了HA合酶 - 2的mRNA表达，进而增加了HA的产生。本研究结果表明，牛磺酸对皮肤的保护作用与表皮屏障成分表达的增强和真皮细胞外基质代谢的调节有关。
