Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2024;24(6):664-671. doi: 10.2174/0118715303245065230925060301.
The study aimed to examine the association of obesity phenotypes with dental calculus.
Obesity has been recognized as a risk factor for kidney and gallbladder stones formation and periodontitis.
We have investigated the association between obesity, metabolic risk factors, and dental calculus, which is a sequela following periodontitis.
This study included 5,281 military members, aged 19-45 years, without antihypertensive medications in Taiwan. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the modified ATP III criteria. Supragingival calculus in any teeth, except for impacted teeth and the third molar, was the outcome of interest. Multiple linear regression analysis with adjustments for age, sex, toxic substance use, brushing teeth frequency, and blood leukocyte counts, was used to determine the association of obesity with dental calculus numbers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between obesity with or without MetS and the presence of any dental calculus.
BMI was positively correlated to dental calculus numbers [β and confidence intervals (CI) = 0.023 (0.014, 0.032)]. Compared to the obesity(-)/MetS(-) group, there were dosedependent associations for the obesity(-)/MetS(+), obesity(+)/MetS(-), and obesity(+)/MetS(+) groups with the presence of any dental calculus [odds ratios (ORs): 1.08 (0.76, 1.53), 1.31 (1.08, 1.58), and 1.51 (1.20, 1.90), respectively]. Of the metabolic risk factors, abdominal obesity and hypertension were independently associated with dental calculus [ORs: 1.33 (1.13, 1.55) and 1.30 (1.11, 1.52), respectively].
This study suggests general obesity as an independent risk factor for dental calculus formation, and MetS, particularly the components of abdominal obesity, and hypertension may also increase the prevalence of dental calculus. Diet control and regular exercise might be preventive measures for the development of both obesity and dental calculus.
本研究旨在探讨肥胖表型与牙石的关系。
肥胖已被认为是肾结石、胆囊结石和牙周炎形成的危险因素。
我们调查了肥胖、代谢危险因素与牙石之间的关系，牙石是牙周炎的后遗症。
本研究纳入了台湾地区 5281 名年龄在 19-45 岁之间、未服用抗高血压药物的现役军人。肥胖定义为体重指数≥27.5kg/m²，代谢综合征（MetS）根据改良 ATP III 标准定义。除阻生牙和第三磨牙外，任何牙齿的龈上牙石均为研究结果。采用调整年龄、性别、毒物使用、刷牙频率和白细胞计数的多元线性回归分析来确定肥胖与牙石数量之间的关系。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来评估肥胖伴或不伴 MetS 与任何牙石存在之间的关系。
BMI 与牙石数量呈正相关[β 和置信区间（CI）=0.023（0.014，0.032）]。与肥胖（-）/MetS（-）组相比，肥胖（-）/MetS（+）、肥胖（+）/MetS（-）和肥胖（+）/MetS（+）组与任何牙石存在呈剂量依赖性相关[比值比（ORs）：1.08（0.76，1.53）、1.31（1.08，1.58）和 1.51（1.20，1.90）]。在代谢危险因素中，腹型肥胖和高血压与牙石独立相关[ORs：1.33（1.13，1.55）和 1.30（1.11，1.52）]。
本研究表明全身性肥胖是牙石形成的独立危险因素，MetS，特别是腹型肥胖和高血压的成分可能会增加牙石的患病率。饮食控制和定期运动可能是预防肥胖和牙石形成的措施。
