Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sleep. 2020 Apr 15;43(4). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz267.
Bedtime procrastination (BP) is defined as going to bed later than intended despite absence of external reasons. This study investigated sleep and psychological factors associated with BP in young adults, and further compared how high and low BP groups spend their time over 24 h and also 3 h prior to bedtime using time use surveys.
Young adults (N = 106) from the community were classified as either high (n = 54) or low (n = 52) BP group based on the Bedtime Procrastination Scale. All participants were asked to complete questionnaires on insomnia, depression, anxiety, stress, and chronotype, in addition to keeping a 7-day sleep diary and completing time use surveys over 48 h.
Participants were 61.3% female, mean age 22.7 (±2.89) years old. Individuals in the high BP group reported significantly more depression, anxiety, and insomnia, went to bed later, woke up later, and had more eveningness tendencies compared to the low BP group. Results from the time use surveys revealed that the high BP group spent significantly more time engaging in leisure and social activity with the majority of time spent using media over 24 h compared to the low BP group. Finally, the high BP group spent on average approximately 451% (or 61 min) more time per day on their smartphone 3 h prior to bedtime compared to the low BP group.
Our results suggest that BP is negatively associated with sleep and mood, and should be considered a serious health-interfering behavior.
就寝时间拖延（BP）是指尽管没有外部原因，但仍比计划时间晚睡觉。本研究调查了与年轻人 BP 相关的睡眠和心理因素，并进一步比较了高 BP 组和低 BP 组在 24 小时内以及睡前 3 小时内如何使用时间使用调查。
根据《就寝时间拖延量表》，将社区中的年轻成年人（N=106）分为高（n=54）或低（n=52）BP 组。所有参与者均被要求填写关于失眠、抑郁、焦虑、压力和昼夜节律的问卷，此外，还需要填写 7 天睡眠日记，并在 48 小时内完成时间使用调查。
参与者中女性占 61.3%，平均年龄为 22.7（±2.89）岁。与低 BP 组相比，高 BP 组报告的抑郁、焦虑和失眠明显更多，入睡时间更晚，醒来时间更晚，且傍晚倾向更明显。时间使用调查的结果显示，高 BP 组在 24 小时内花更多的时间从事休闲和社交活动，其中大部分时间用于使用媒体，而低 BP 组则更少。最后，与低 BP 组相比，高 BP 组平均每天在睡前 3 小时内使用智能手机的时间要多约 451%（或 61 分钟）。
我们的结果表明，BP 与睡眠和情绪呈负相关，应被视为一种严重影响健康的行为。
