Department of Health Services Management, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Oct 17;23(1):538. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02688-3.
Breast self-examination is a simple, painless, confidential and inexpensive screening method for early diagnosis that does not require specialized tools and equipment. In this study, we have estimated the pooled percentage of breast self-examination (BSE) in Iranian women.
All the published literatures between 2012 and 2022 have been reviewed. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scientific Information and Magiran databases. The effect size was the pooled percentage of breast self-examination (BSE). In order to check the heterogeneity, the estimation of the I index and extraction of the Galbraith plot were used, and the drivers of heterogeneity have been identified through meta-regression and estimates were made based on subgroups. All the analysis was done in STATA 15.
From the initial 294 records, 38 were included in the final analysis in which 9960 women have been studied. The heterogeneity of the studies was high based on the variation in OR (I = 98.4%, heterogeneity X = 2278.21 (d.f. = 37), p < 0.01). The pooled rate of BSE based on fixed and random methods was obtained as 15.46 (95% CI: 14.83 to 16.09) and 24.74 (95% CI: 19.62 to 29.86) percent, respectively. The highest pooled percentage BSE (39.41%, 95% CI: 30.98 to 47.83) was obtained from studies that investigated the action phase in the Trans theoretical model. The pooled percentage obtained from the studies conducted in the central regions of Iran was higher than other cities (27.47%, 95% CI: 17.38 to 37.55).
The result from our analysis determined that performing breast self-examination in Iranian women is low. Health policy makers can increase the rate of breast self-examination in Iran by implementing basic educational programs in schools and encouraging and justifying women in social health centers.
乳房自我检查是一种简单、无痛、私密且廉价的早期诊断筛查方法，无需使用专门的工具和设备。在本研究中，我们估算了伊朗女性乳房自我检查（BSE）的总体百分比。
检索了 2012 年至 2022 年期间发表的所有文献。在 PubMed、Web of Science、ProQuest、Science Direct、Google Scholar、Scientific Information 和 Magiran 数据库中进行了搜索。效应量为乳房自我检查（BSE）的总体百分比。为了检查异质性，使用了 I 指数估计和 Galbraith 图提取，并通过元回归识别异质性的驱动因素，并根据亚组进行估计。所有分析均在 STATA 15 中进行。
从最初的 294 条记录中，有 38 条最终纳入分析，其中研究了 9960 名女性。基于 OR 的变化，研究之间的异质性很高（I=98.4%，异质性 X=2278.21（df=37），p<0.01）。基于固定和随机方法的 BSE 总体比例分别为 15.46%（95%置信区间：14.83%至 16.09%）和 24.74%（95%置信区间：19.62%至 29.86%）。在跨理论模型中调查行动阶段的研究中获得的 BSE 总体百分比最高（39.41%，95%置信区间：30.98%至 47.83%）。在伊朗中部地区进行的研究中获得的总体 BSE 百分比高于其他城市（27.47%，95%置信区间：17.38%至 37.55%）。
我们的分析结果表明，伊朗女性进行乳房自我检查的比例较低。卫生政策制定者可以通过在学校实施基本教育计划，并在社会健康中心鼓励和证明女性进行乳房自我检查，来提高伊朗的乳房自我检查率。
