Bashirian Saeed, Barati Majid, Mohammadi Younes, MoaddabShoar Leila, Dogonchi Mitra
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Breast Cancer (Auckl). 2021 Feb 25;15:1178223421989657. doi: 10.1177/1178223421989657. eCollection 2021.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the world. Screening is the basis for early detection. However, the mortality rate is still high in Iranian women related to not screening and timely check-ups. We offered a theory-based intervention program to improve breast cancer screening behavior in women.
This interventional study was conducted in 135 employed women in 2019. Their screening behavior was investigated using a questionnaire based on the Protection Motivation and Social Support Theories. We compared the efficacy of 2 educational interventions (a workshop and an E-learning program) between 2 intervention groups and a control group. The results were collected 3 months after the interventions had taken place. Data were analyzed in SPSS 23 using descriptive statistics, chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the paired sample -test.
We found a significant difference between the mean score of knowledge and the theoretical constructs ( value < .001) before and after the interventions. Our results also showed that both the intervention methods had a similar effect and that there was a significant difference in the performance of breast self-examinations between the intervention and control groups after the intervention ( value < .001).
Given the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of implementing an E-learning program, we would recommend that health care planners assist in designing and implementing this effective form of intervention to encourage many more women to perform self-examinations to aid breast cancer screening.
乳腺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤。筛查是早期发现的基础。然而，伊朗女性因未进行筛查和及时检查，死亡率仍然很高。我们提供了一个基于理论的干预项目，以改善女性的乳腺癌筛查行为。
这项干预性研究于2019年对135名职业女性进行。使用基于保护动机和社会支持理论的问卷对她们的筛查行为进行调查。我们比较了两个干预组和一个对照组之间两种教育干预措施（一个工作坊和一个电子学习项目）的效果。在干预措施实施3个月后收集结果。使用描述性统计、卡方检验、方差分析（ANOVA）和配对样本检验在SPSS 23中对数据进行分析。
我们发现干预前后知识平均得分与理论结构之间存在显著差异（P值<0.001）。我们的结果还表明，两种干预方法效果相似，干预后干预组和对照组在乳房自我检查表现方面存在显著差异（P值<0.001）。
鉴于实施电子学习项目的成本效益和可行性，我们建议医疗保健规划者协助设计和实施这种有效的干预形式，以鼓励更多女性进行自我检查，辅助乳腺癌筛查。
