Zhang Yingxiao, Qi Yiping
Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Biodes Res. 2020 Jul 28;2020:8659064. doi: 10.34133/2020/8659064. eCollection 2020.
CRISPR-mediated genome editing has been widely applied in plants to make uncomplicated genomic modifications including gene knockout and base changes. However, the introduction of many genetic variants related to valuable agronomic traits requires complex and precise DNA changes. Different CRISPR systems have been developed to achieve efficient sequence insertion and replacement but with limited success. A recent study has significantly improved NHEJ- and HDR-mediated sequence insertion and replacement using chemically modified donor templates. Together with other newly developed precise editing systems, such as prime editing and CRISPR-associated transposases, these technologies will provide new avenues to further the plant genome editing field.
CRISPR介导的基因组编辑已在植物中广泛应用，以进行包括基因敲除和碱基改变在内的简单基因组修饰。然而，引入许多与重要农艺性状相关的遗传变异需要复杂而精确的DNA改变。已开发出不同的CRISPR系统来实现高效的序列插入和替换，但成效有限。最近的一项研究使用化学修饰的供体模板显著改进了非同源末端连接（NHEJ）和同源定向修复（HDR）介导的序列插入和替换。与其他新开发的精确编辑系统（如碱基编辑和CRISPR相关转座酶）一起，这些技术将为推动植物基因组编辑领域提供新途径。
