Capaldi Deborah M, Tiberio Stacey S, Kerr David Cr, Owen Lee D
Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR, USA.
Subst Abuse. 2023 Oct 16;17:11782218231204776. doi: 10.1177/11782218231204776. eCollection 2023.
The dual pathway hypothesis of risk for substance use was tested by examining risk from symptoms of conduct problems and depressive symptoms in adolescence (from ages 10-11 to 17-18 years) to substance use-including tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit drugs-in both early adulthood (approximately from ages 20 to 29 years) and middle adulthood (approximately from ages 29 to 38 years). Hypotheses were tested on a sample of boys who were at risk for conduct problems by virtue of the neighborhoods where they lived in childhood (the Oregon Youth Study; N = 206 at Wave 1). Dual-trajectory modeling (Latent Class Analysis) resulted in a 3-group solution of high, moderate, and low co-occurring symptoms. The latent class of boys with co-occurring symptoms in adolescence showed higher levels of substance use in adulthood; namely, higher levels of cannabis and illicit substance use during early adulthood compared to either of the moderate or low symptom classes, and higher use of cannabis in midadulthood than the low symptom class. Those with co-occurring symptoms also showed, overall, higher vulnerability to use of tobacco in these 2 periods, but not to higher use of alcohol. Regression analyses indicated that the higher substance use of the co-occur group of men was related to their adolescent conduct problems, but was not related to their adolescent depressive symptoms; however, these associations were nonsignificant when adolescent use of the respective substances were included in the models. Thus, the dual-trajectory hypothesis was not supported. However, the findings indicated that, as assessed in the present study, the psychopathology symptoms of boys with conduct problems in adolescence who show risk for later substance use may be complex, involving depressive symptoms.
通过考察青少年期（10 - 11岁至17 - 18岁）品行问题症状和抑郁症状对成年早期（约20至29岁）和成年中期（约29至38岁）物质使用（包括烟草、酒精、大麻和其他非法药物）的风险，对物质使用风险的双途径假说进行了检验。研究假设在一个因童年居住社区而有品行问题风险的男孩样本上进行检验（俄勒冈青少年研究；第1波时N = 206）。双轨迹建模（潜在类别分析）得出了一个由高、中、低共现症状组成的三组解决方案。青少年期有共现症状的男孩潜在类别在成年期表现出更高水平的物质使用；也就是说，与中度或低症状类别相比，成年早期大麻和非法物质使用水平更高，成年中期大麻使用量比低症状类别更高。总体而言，有共现症状的人在这两个时期对烟草使用的易感性也更高，但对酒精使用量增加不敏感。回归分析表明，共现症状组男性较高的物质使用与他们青少年期的品行问题有关，但与他们青少年期的抑郁症状无关；然而，当模型中纳入青少年期各自物质的使用情况时，这些关联并不显著。因此，双轨迹假说未得到支持。然而，研究结果表明，如本研究中所评估的，青少年期有品行问题且显示出后期物质使用风险的男孩的精神病理学症状可能很复杂，涉及抑郁症状。
