From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli).
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2023 Oct 19;48(5):E376-E389. doi: 10.1503/jpn.230065. Print 2023 Sep-Oct.
Human navigation of social interactions relies on the processing of emotion on faces. This meta-analysis aimed to produce an updated brain atlas of emotional face processing from whole-brain studies based on a single emotional face-viewing paradigm (PROSPERO CRD42022251548).
We conducted a systematic literature search of Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO from May 2008 to October 2021. We used seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging contrasts between emotional (e.g., angry, happy) and neutral faces. We conducted agglomerative hierarchical clustering of meta-analytic map contrasts of emotional faces relative to neutral faces. We investigated lateralization of emotional face processing.
From 5549 studies identified, 55 data sets (1489 healthy participants) met our inclusion criteria. Relative to neutral faces, we found extensive activation clusters by fearful faces in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right fusiform area, left putamen and amygdala, right parahippocampalgyrus and cerebellum; we found smaller activation clusters by angry faces in the right cerebellum and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and by disgusted faces in the left MTG. Happy and sad faces did not reach statistical significance. Clustering analyses showed similar activation patterns of fearful and angry faces; activation patterns of happy and sad faces showed the least correlation with other emotional faces. Emotional face processing was predominantly left-lateralized in the amygdala and anterior insula, and right-lateralized in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Reliance on discretized effect sizes based on peak coordinate location instead of statistical brain maps, and the varying level of statistical threshold reporting from original studies, could lead to underdetection of smaller clusters of activation.
Processing of emotional faces appeared to be oriented toward identifying threats on faces, from highest (i.e., angry or fearful faces) to lowest level (i.e., happy or sad faces), with a more complex lateralization pattern than previously theorized. Emotional faces may be processed in latent grouping but organized by threat content rather than emotional valence.
人类在社交互动中的导航依赖于对面部情绪的处理。本研究旨在基于单一情绪面孔观看范式（PROSPERO CRD42022251548），从全脑研究中生成情绪面孔处理的更新大脑图谱。
我们对 Embase、MEDLINE 和 PsycINFO 进行了系统的文献检索，检索时间为 2008 年 5 月至 2021 年 10 月。我们使用基于种子的弥散张量成像（d mapping），并对受试者图像进行置换，以对情绪面孔（如愤怒、快乐）与中性面孔之间的功能神经影像学对比进行定量元分析。我们对情绪面孔相对于中性面孔的元分析地图对比进行了聚类层次分析。我们研究了情绪面孔处理的偏侧化。
从 5549 项研究中，我们确定了 55 个数据集（1489 名健康参与者）符合我们的纳入标准。与中性面孔相比，我们发现恐惧面孔在右侧颞下回、右侧梭状回、左侧壳核和杏仁核、右侧海马旁回和小脑；愤怒面孔在右侧小脑和右侧颞中回（MTG）以及厌恶面孔在左侧 MTG 区域的激活簇较小。快乐和悲伤面孔未达到统计学意义。聚类分析显示，恐惧和愤怒面孔具有相似的激活模式；快乐和悲伤面孔的激活模式与其他情绪面孔的相关性最小。情绪面孔处理在杏仁核和前岛叶主要偏向左侧，在腹内侧前额叶皮质偏向右侧。
依赖于基于峰值坐标位置的离散效应大小，而不是统计脑图，以及原始研究中统计阈值报告水平的变化，可能导致较小的激活簇检测不足。
与之前的理论假设相比，情绪面孔的处理似乎更倾向于对面部威胁的识别，从最高水平（即愤怒或恐惧面孔）到最低水平（即快乐或悲伤面孔），其偏侧化模式更为复杂。情绪面孔可能以潜在的分组方式进行处理，但根据威胁内容而不是情绪效价进行组织。
