Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nat Commun. 2023 Oct 19;14(1):6618. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42190-w.
Reports suggest non-falciparum species are an underappreciated cause of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa but their epidemiology is ill-defined, particularly in highly malaria-endemic regions. We estimated incidence and prevalence of PCR-confirmed non-falciparum and Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections within a longitudinal study conducted in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 2015-2017. Children and adults were sampled at biannual household surveys and routine clinic visits. Among 9,089 samples from 1,565 participants, incidences of P. malariae, P. ovale spp., and P. falciparum infections by 1-year were 7.8% (95% CI: 6.4%-9.1%), 4.8% (95% CI: 3.7%-5.9%) and 57.5% (95% CI: 54.4%-60.5%), respectively. Non-falciparum prevalences were higher in school-age children, rural and peri-urban sites, and P. falciparum co-infections. P. falciparum remains the primary driver of malaria in the DRC, though non-falciparum species also pose an infection risk. As P. falciparum interventions gain traction in high-burden settings, continued surveillance and improved understanding of non-falciparum infections are warranted.
报告表明，在撒哈拉以南非洲，非恶性疟原虫是一种被低估的疟疾病因，但它们的流行病学特征尚未明确，尤其是在疟疾高度流行的地区。我们在刚果民主共和国金沙萨进行了一项纵向研究，于 2015 年至 2017 年期间进行了两年一次的家庭调查和常规诊所就诊，对 PCR 确诊的非恶性疟原虫和恶性疟原虫疟疾感染的发病率和患病率进行了估计。在 1565 名参与者的 9089 个样本中，1 年内感染间日疟原虫、卵形疟原虫和恶性疟原虫的发生率分别为 7.8%（95%CI：6.4%-9.1%）、4.8%（95%CI：3.7%-5.9%）和 57.5%（95%CI：54.4%-60.5%）。在学龄儿童、农村和城郊地区以及恶性疟原虫合并感染中，非恶性疟原虫的患病率更高。恶性疟原虫仍然是刚果民主共和国疟疾的主要驱动因素，尽管非恶性疟原虫也构成了感染风险。随着恶性疟原虫干预措施在高负担地区取得进展，有必要继续进行监测，并更好地了解非恶性疟原虫感染。
