Vilaró Anna, Novell Elena, Enrique-Tarancon Vicens, Baliellas Jordi, Fraile Lorenzo
Grup de Sanejament Porcí, Lleida, Spain.
Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
Porcine Health Manag. 2023 Oct 19;9(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s40813-023-00341-x.
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important health challenges in humans and animals. Antibiotic susceptibility determination is used to select the most suitable drug to treat animals according to its success probability following the European legislation in force for these drugs. We have studied the antibiotic susceptibility pattern (ASP) of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) and Pasteurella multocida (PM) isolates, collected during the period 2019-2022 in Spain. ASP was measured by determining minimum inhibitory concentration using standardized laboratory methods and its temporal trend was determined by logistic regression analysis of non-susceptible/susceptible isolates using clinical breakpoints.
It was not observed any significant temporal trends for susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to ceftiofur, florfenicol, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tulathromycin and tildipirosin during the study period (p > 0.05). Contrarily, a significant temporal trend (p < 0.05) was observed for quinolones (enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin), tetracyclines (doxycycline and oxyteracycline), amoxicillin, tiamulin and tilmicosin. On the other hand, it was not observed any significant temporal trends for susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida to quinolones (enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin), amoxicillin, ceftiofur, florfenicol and macrolides (tildipirosin, tulathromycin and tilmicosin) during the study period (p > 0.05). Contrarily, a significant temporal trend (p < 0.05) was observed for tetracyclines (oxyteracycline), tiamulin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
In general terms, pig pathogens (APP and PM) involved in respiratory diseases analysed herein appeared to remain susceptible or tended to increase susceptibility to antimicrobials over the study period (2019-2022), but our data clearly showed a different pattern in the evolution of antimicrobial susceptibility for each combination of drug and microorganism. Our results highlight that the evolution of antimicrobial susceptibility must be studied in a case-by-case situation where generalization for drug families and bacteria is not possible even for bacteria located in the same ecological niche.
抗菌药物耐药性是人类和动物面临的最重要的健康挑战之一。根据欧洲现行相关药物法规，抗生素敏感性测定用于根据治疗成功概率选择最适合治疗动物的药物。我们研究了2019年至2022年期间在西班牙收集的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）和多杀性巴氏杆菌（PM）分离株的抗生素敏感性模式（ASP）。通过使用标准化实验室方法测定最低抑菌浓度来测量ASP，并使用临床断点对非敏感/敏感分离株进行逻辑回归分析来确定其时间趋势。
在研究期间，未观察到胸膜肺炎放线杆菌对头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶、图拉霉素和替地米星的敏感性有任何显著的时间趋势（p>0.05）。相反，观察到喹诺酮类（恩诺沙星和马波沙星）、四环素类（多西环素和土霉素）、阿莫西林、泰妙菌素和替米考星有显著的时间趋势（p<0.05）。另一方面，在研究期间，未观察到多杀性巴氏杆菌对喹诺酮类（恩诺沙星和马波沙星）、阿莫西林、头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考和大环内酯类（替地米星、图拉霉素和替米考星）的敏感性有任何显著的时间趋势（p>0.05）。相反，观察到四环素类（土霉素）、泰妙菌素和磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶有显著的时间趋势（p<0.05）。
总体而言，本文分析的参与呼吸道疾病的猪病原体（APP和PM）在研究期间（2019 - 2022年）似乎仍保持敏感性或倾向于增加对抗菌药物的敏感性，但我们的数据清楚地表明，每种药物和微生物组合的抗菌药物敏感性演变模式不同。我们的结果强调，抗菌药物敏感性的演变必须在具体情况下进行研究，即使对于处于相同生态位的细菌，也不可能对药物类别和细菌进行一概而论。
