State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2024 Jan;112(1):e35326. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.35326. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Bone regeneration is a vital clinical challenge in massive or complicated bone defects. Recently, bone tissue engineering has come to the fore to meet the demand for bone repair with various innovative materials. However, the reported materials usually cannot satisfy the requirements, such as ideal mechanical and osteogenic properties, as well as biocompatibility at the same time. Mg-based biomaterials have considerable potential in bone tissue engineering owing to their excellent mechanical strength and biosafety. Moreover, the biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of Mg-based biomaterials have been the research focuses in recent years. The main limitation faced in the applications of Mg-based biomaterials is rapid degradation, which can produce excessive Mg and hydrogen, affecting the healing of the bone defect. In order to overcome the limitations, researchers have explored several ways to improve the properties of Mg-based biomaterials, including alloying, surface modification with coatings, and synthesizing other composite materials to control the degradation rate upon implantation. This article reviewed the osteogenic mechanism and requirement for appropriate degradation rate and focused on current progress in the biomedical use of Mg-based biomaterials to inspire more clinical applications of Mg in bone regeneration in the future.
骨再生是治疗大段骨缺损或复杂骨缺损的一个重要临床挑战。近年来，骨组织工程技术不断涌现，为满足骨修复的需求提供了各种创新材料。然而，目前已有报道的材料通常不能同时满足理想的力学性能和成骨性能以及生物相容性等要求。基于镁的生物材料具有优异的力学强度和生物安全性，在骨组织工程中具有很大的应用潜力。近年来，基于镁的生物材料的生物相容性和成骨活性已成为研究的重点。基于镁的生物材料应用所面临的主要限制是其快速降解，这会产生过多的镁和氢气，从而影响骨缺损的愈合。为了克服这些限制，研究人员已经探索了几种方法来改善基于镁的生物材料的性能，包括合金化、涂层表面改性以及合成其他复合材料来控制植入后的降解速率。本文综述了成骨机制和适当降解速率的要求，并重点介绍了基于镁的生物材料在生物医学中的最新应用进展，以期为未来镁在骨再生中的更多临床应用提供启示。
