Akram Vaseem, Bhargava Sushant
Economics & Business Environment Area, Indian Institute of Management Jammu, Permanent Campus, NH-44, Jagti, Nagrota, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181221, India.
Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat-Narela Road, Near Jagdishpur Village, Sonipat, Haryana-131001, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Nov;30(53):114283-114293. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30515-7. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Material footprint is vital for playing a role in increasing the pace of climate change and the sustainability of development efforts. Fossil fuels material footprint (FFMF) remains a critical indicator of environment-friendly economic development. Fossil fuels have also retained their dominance as prominent drivers of global growth since the Industrial Revolution. FFMF levels show considerable variations in economic growth worldwide as awareness of sustainability and climate change propagates. Although biomass/carbon emission convergence have been discussed extensively in the existing literature, FFMF convergence is still scanty despite its vital role in climate change. Hence, this study adds to the existing literature by examining the convergence of FFMF for 154 countries for the period from 1970 to 2019 using club convergence analysis. The results show that FFMF converges to a single steady state, stating a symmetric decline in FFMF growth. Further, the findings from sigma and beta tests are consistent with the main results. Thus, the demonstrated convergence of FFMF directs that global efforts regarding FFMF control should be continued. Moreover, future climate change policies should also be formulated to enhance the awareness of FFMF and long-term sustainability.
物质足迹对于加快气候变化速度和发展努力的可持续性至关重要。化石燃料物质足迹（FFMF）仍然是环境友好型经济发展的关键指标。自工业革命以来，化石燃料作为全球增长的主要驱动力一直占据主导地位。随着可持续性和气候变化意识的传播，FFMF水平在全球经济增长中呈现出显著差异。尽管现有文献中对生物质/碳排放收敛进行了广泛讨论，但FFMF收敛尽管在气候变化中起着至关重要的作用，却仍然很少被提及。因此，本研究通过使用俱乐部收敛分析来检验1970年至2019年期间154个国家的FFMF收敛情况，为现有文献增添了内容。结果表明，FFMF收敛到一个单一的稳态，表明FFMF增长呈对称下降。此外，西格玛和贝塔检验的结果与主要结果一致。因此，FFMF的收敛表明应继续在全球范围内努力控制FFMF。此外，还应制定未来的气候变化政策，以提高对FFMF和长期可持续性的认识。
