Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Dec;168:115739. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115739. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
There are many gynecological diseases, among which breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), endometriosis (EMs), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common and difficult to cure. Stem cells (SCs) are a focus of regenerative medicine. They are commonly used to treat organ damage and difficult diseases because of their potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. SCs are also commonly used for difficult-to-treat gynecological diseases because of their strong directional differentiation ability with unlimited possibilities, their tendency to adhere to the diseased tissue site, and their use as carriers for drug delivery. SCs can produce exosomes in a paracrine manner. Exosomes can be produced in large quantities and have the advantage of easy storage. Their safety and efficacy are superior to those of SCs, which have considerable potential in gynecological treatment, such as inhibiting endometrial senescence, promoting vascular reconstruction, and improving anti-inflammatory and immune functions. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of the regenerative and anti-inflammatory capacity of SCs and exosomes in incurable gynecological diseases and the current progress in their application in genetic engineering to provide a foundation for further research.
有许多妇科疾病，其中乳腺癌（BC）、宫颈癌（CC）、子宫内膜异位症（EMs）和多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）较为常见且难以治愈。干细胞（SCs）是再生医学的重点。由于其自我更新和多向分化的潜能，SCs 常用于治疗器官损伤和难治性疾病。SCs 还常用于治疗难治性妇科疾病，因为其具有很强的定向分化能力和无限的可能性，倾向于黏附在病变组织部位，并可用作药物递送的载体。SCs 可以旁分泌方式产生外泌体。外泌体可以大量产生，并且具有易于储存的优势。其安全性和疗效优于SCs，在外阴营养不良、宫腔粘连、子宫内膜衰老、促进血管重建、改善抗炎和免疫功能等方面具有很大的潜力。本文综述了SCs 和外泌体在治疗不可治愈的妇科疾病中的再生和抗炎能力的机制，以及它们在基因工程中的应用进展，为进一步的研究提供了基础。
