Gillies Nicola A, Milan Amber M, Cameron-Smith David, Mumme Karen D, Conlon Cathryn A, von Hurst Pamela R, Haskell-Ramsay Crystal F, Jones Beatrix, Roy Nicole C, Coad Jane, Wall Clare R, Beck Kathryn L
The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; The Riddet Institute, New Zealand.
The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand; AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, New Zealand.
J Nutr. 2023 Dec;153(12):3529-3542. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.012. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
Vitamin B inadequacies and elevated homocysteine status have been associated with impaired cognitive and cardiometabolic health with aging. There is, however, a scarcity of research investigating integrated profiles of one-carbon (1C) metabolites in this context, including metabolites of interconnected folate, methionine, choline oxidation, and transsulfuration pathways.
The study aimed to examine associations between vitamins B and 1C metabolites with cardiometabolic health and cognitive function in healthy older adults, including the interactive effects of Apolipoprotein E-ε4 status.
Three hundred and thirteen healthy participants (65-74 y, 65% female) were analyzed. Vitamins B were estimated according to dietary intake (4-d food records) and biochemical status (serum folate and vitamin B). Fasting plasma 1C metabolites were quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Measures of cardiometabolic health included biochemical (lipid panel, blood glucose) and anthropometric markers. Cognitive function was assessed by the Computerized Mental Performance Assessment System (COMPASS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Associations were analyzed using multivariate linear (COMPASS, cardiometabolic health) and Poisson (MoCA) regression modeling.
Over 90% of participants met dietary recommendations for riboflavin and vitamins B and B, but only 78% of males and 67% of females achieved adequate folate intakes. Higher serum folate and plasma betaine and glycine concentrations were associated with favorable cardiometabolic markers, whereas higher plasma choline and homocysteine concentrations were associated with greater cardiometabolic risk based on body mass index and serum lipids concentration values (P< 0.05). Vitamins B and homocysteine were not associated with cognitive performance in this cohort, though higher glycine concentrations were associated with better global cognitive performance (P = 0.017), episodic memory (P = 0.016), and spatial memory (P = 0.027) scores. Apolipoprotein E-ε4 status did not modify the relationship between vitamins B or 1C metabolites with cognitive function in linear regression analyses.
Vitamin B and 1C metabolite profiles showed divergent associations with cardiometabolic risk markers and limited associations with cognitive performance in this cohort of healthy older adults.
维生素B缺乏和同型半胱氨酸水平升高与衰老过程中认知功能和心脏代谢健康受损有关。然而，在这种情况下，研究一碳（1C）代谢物综合概况的研究很少，其中包括相互关联的叶酸、蛋氨酸、胆碱氧化和转硫途径的代谢物。
本研究旨在探讨健康老年人中维生素B和1C代谢物与心脏代谢健康及认知功能之间的关联，包括载脂蛋白E-ε4状态的交互作用。
对313名健康参与者（65 - 74岁，65%为女性）进行分析。根据饮食摄入量（4天食物记录）和生化状态（血清叶酸和维生素B）评估维生素B。通过液相色谱串联质谱法定量空腹血浆1C代谢物。心脏代谢健康指标包括生化指标（血脂、血糖）和人体测量指标。认知功能通过计算机化心理表现评估系统（COMPASS）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）进行评估。使用多元线性回归（COMPASS、心脏代谢健康）和泊松回归（MoCA）模型分析关联。
超过90%的参与者达到了核黄素、维生素B6和B12的饮食推荐量，但只有78%的男性和67%的女性叶酸摄入量充足。较高的血清叶酸、血浆甜菜碱和甘氨酸浓度与良好的心脏代谢指标相关，而基于体重指数和血脂浓度值，较高的血浆胆碱和同型半胱氨酸浓度与更高的心脏代谢风险相关（P < 0.05）。在该队列中，维生素B和同型半胱氨酸与认知表现无关，尽管较高的甘氨酸浓度与更好的整体认知表现（P = 0.017）、情景记忆（P = 0.016）和空间记忆（P = 0.027）得分相关。在线性回归分析中，载脂蛋白E-ε4状态并未改变维生素B或1C代谢物与认知功能之间的关系。
在这个健康老年人群体中，维生素B和1C代谢物谱与心脏代谢风险标志物的关联存在差异，与认知表现的关联有限。
