Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, Córdoba, Argentina.
Grupo de Estudios Ambientales (GEA), Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis (IMASL) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
Braz J Microbiol. 2023 Dec;54(4):2979-2990. doi: 10.1007/s42770-023-01147-3. Epub 2023 Oct 21.
Plants associated with mycorrhizal fungi has the ability to establish on metal-contaminated soils playing an important role in phytoremediation programs. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (spores density, diversity, indicator species, and root colonization) and dark septate endophytic fungi (DSE fungal root colonization) in three metal accumulator plants (Sorghum halepense, Bidens pilosa, and Tagetes minuta) growing in soils with high Pb content. The Pb content in AMF spores and plant biomass were also assessed. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken from the three dominant plant species at six study sites surrounding the abandoned Pb smelter and one uncontaminated site. The three studied plants were colonized by AMF and DSE fungi. A total of 24 AMF morphospecies were present in the Pb-contaminated areas. The AMF indicator species in the control site (non-contaminated area) was Funneliformis mosseae and in the most contaminated site were Gigaspora decipiens and Denticustata biornata. There was an increase in mycorrhizal variables such as the number of AMF vesicles, spore number, Pb content in AMF spores and plant biomass and DSE colonization (in Sorghum) with increasing soil Pb contamination, but a decrease in AMF diversity and richness was found. For upcoming soil restoration projects, it is crucial to understand the mycorrhizal fungi as well as the plant community that has adapted to the highly contaminated environment.
与菌根真菌相关的植物具有在金属污染土壤上定殖的能力，在植物修复计划中发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是研究在三种金属积累植物（高粱、鬼针草和万寿菊）中存在的丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）（孢子密度、多样性、指示物种和根系定殖）和深色隔孢腔真菌（DSE 真菌根系定殖），这些植物生长在 Pb 含量高的土壤中。还评估了 AMF 孢子和植物生物量中的 Pb 含量。从废弃的 Pb 冶炼厂周围的六个研究点和一个未污染的点采集了三种优势植物的根际土壤样本。三种研究植物均被 AMF 和 DSE 真菌定殖。在 Pb 污染地区共发现 24 种 AMF 形态种。对照点（未污染区）的 AMF 指示种为 Funneliformis mosseae，而最污染点的 AMF 指示种为 Gigaspora decipiens 和 Denticustata biornata。随着土壤 Pb 污染程度的增加，丛枝菌根的变量（如 AMF 泡囊数量、孢子数量、AMF 孢子和植物生物量中的 Pb 含量以及 DSE 定殖）增加，但 AMF 多样性和丰富度下降。对于即将进行的土壤修复项目，了解适应高度污染环境的菌根真菌以及植物群落至关重要。
