Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Sociedade Brasileira de Valorização das Sociedades Médicas (SOBEMED), São Paulo, Brazil.
Arch Virol. 2023 Oct 21;168(11):278. doi: 10.1007/s00705-023-05904-5.
Monkeypox virus is a member of the family Poxviridae, as are variola virus and vaccinia virus. It has a linear double-strand DNA genome approximately 197 kb long, containing ~190 non-overlapping ORFs. Comparison of members of the Central and West African clades shows the presence of unique genes that are associated with different disease presentations, depending on the strain. The last smallpox vaccination efforts ended in the mid-1980s, and there is concern about the recent spread of human monkeypox disease around the world. Almost 87,000 human monkeypox cases have been diagnosed in the world, of which more than 10,900 were in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology and molecular evolution of hMpxV. From computational biology analysis of 640 hMpxV genomes from 1962 to 2022, synteny breaks and gene conservation were observed between Central and West clade genomes, and strains belonged with the 2022 outbreak assigned to the West African clade. Evidence was found for diversifying selective pressure at specific sites within protein coding sequences, acting on immunomodulatory processes. The existence of different sites under diversifying and purifying selection in paralog genes indicates adaptive mechanisms underlying the host-pathogen interaction of monkeypox virus in humans.
猴痘病毒是痘病毒科的一员，天花病毒和牛痘病毒也是如此。它具有约 197kb 长的线性双链 DNA 基因组，包含约 190 个非重叠的 ORFs。对中、西非分支的成员进行比较表明，存在与不同疾病表现相关的独特基因，具体取决于毒株。最后一次天花疫苗接种工作已于 20 世纪 80 年代中期结束，人们对最近猴痘病在全球的传播感到担忧。目前已在全球诊断出近 87000 例人类猴痘病例，其中巴西超过 10900 例。本研究旨在评估 hMpxV 的流行病学和分子进化。通过对 1962 年至 2022 年的 640 株 hMpxV 基因组进行计算生物学分析，观察到中、西非分支基因组之间存在着同线性断裂和基因保守性，而属于 2022 年暴发的毒株则被分配到西非分支。在编码序列的特定部位发现了免疫调节过程中存在着多样化的选择压力的证据。在旁系同源基因中存在不同的多样化选择和纯化选择位点，表明猴痘病毒在人类中的宿主-病原体相互作用存在适应性机制。
