Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Administrative Office, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Oct 6;14:1243132. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243132. eCollection 2023.
Sphingolipids, as members of the large lipid family, are important components of plasma membrane. Sphingolipids participate in biological signal transduction to regulate various important physiological processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, senescence, and differentiation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sphingolipids are strongly associated with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance, including peripheral insulin resistance and brain insulin resistance, is closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases. In addition to metabolic diseases, like type 2 diabetes, brain insulin resistance is also involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, the specific mechanism of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance has not been systematically summarized. This article reviews the involvement of sphingolipids in brain insulin resistance, highlighting the role and molecular biological mechanism of sphingolipid metabolism in cognitive dysfunctions and neuropathological abnormalities of the brain.
鞘脂类作为大型脂质家族的成员，是质膜的重要组成部分。鞘脂类参与生物信号转导，调节细胞生长、凋亡、衰老和分化等多种重要生理过程。大量研究表明，鞘脂类与葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗密切相关。胰岛素抵抗包括外周胰岛素抵抗和脑胰岛素抵抗，与许多代谢性疾病的发生和发展密切相关。除了代谢性疾病，如 2 型糖尿病，脑胰岛素抵抗也参与了包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病在内的神经退行性疾病的进展。然而，鞘脂类在脑胰岛素抵抗中的具体机制尚未得到系统总结。本文综述了鞘脂类在脑胰岛素抵抗中的作用，强调了鞘脂代谢在大脑认知功能障碍和神经病理异常中的作用和分子生物学机制。
