Saleem Muhammad, Aslam Muhammad, Janjua Azhar Ali
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21551, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 23;13(1):18040. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45389-5.
This study incorporated the index decomposition analysis to drive the GHGs emissions intensity and separate the impact into true efficiency and structural transformation of economic activities on GHGs emissions. The global perspective is investigated in three aspects; (i) global groups of countries regarding income level, (ii) global countries bifurcated into geo-political regions and, (iii) hundred countries are taken to perform individual country level analysis, by taking 20 years (2000-2019) data. The hundred countries are ranked regarding GHGs intensity, efficiency and economic activities with respect to (i) for the latest year performance, (ii) twenty years average performance and, (iii) annual average reduction of GHGs emissions, comparable with base year 2000. Income-based countries groups explicate the improvement of GHGs intensity for HIC only and the economic transformation contributed to it. Efficiency index for all income groups while economic activities of LMIC, MIC and UMIC deteriorated the GHGs emissions. Global geo-political regions explicate the mixed pattern of GHGs intensity. Efficiency index is best for Azerbaijan and least for Uzbekistan. While ranking average GHGs emission reduction countries; Zimbabwe is the best and Qatar is the last country in the intensity list.
本研究采用指数分解分析来推动温室气体排放强度，并将影响因素分解为经济活动对温室气体排放的实际效率和结构转型。从三个方面进行全球视角的研究：（i）按收入水平划分的全球国家组；（ii）分为地缘政治区域的全球国家；（iii）选取100个国家，利用20年（2000 - 2019年）的数据进行单个国家层面的分析。这100个国家在温室气体强度、效率和经济活动方面，按照（i）最近一年的表现、（ii）20年的平均表现以及（iii）与2000年基准年相比的温室气体排放年均减少量进行排名。基于收入的国家组表明，只有高收入国家的温室气体强度有所改善，且经济转型对此有贡献。所有收入组的效率指数方面，而低收入、中等收入和高收入中等国家的经济活动使温室气体排放恶化。全球地缘政治区域呈现出温室气体强度的混合模式。效率指数方面，阿塞拜疆最佳，乌兹别克斯坦最差。在对温室气体排放减少的国家进行排名时，津巴布韦最佳，卡塔尔在强度排名中垫底。
