University of Victoria.
Université de Montréal.
Nurs Ethics. 2024 Sep;31(6):1041-1049. doi: 10.1177/09697330231209290. Epub 2023 Oct 25.
The article starts by offering a definition of fake kindness focused on the dissociation between the behavioural components of kindness and the intent to sincerely pay some heed to the needs of others. Using the sociological theory of Pierre Bourdieu, this definition is then used to articulate how fake kindness can be conceptualized as a specific form of symbolic violence. Such a view allows explanations as to how and why the prevalence and effectiveness of fake kindness vary according to microsociological norms and values. The generic definition and conceptualization of fake kindness as a form of symbolic violence are then used to discuss how nursing's enthrallment with the concept of caring and its operationalization as a moral compass likely fosters the growth of fake kindness within the profession. In this view, the institutional enforcement of propriety and well-behaved professionalism is more likely to lead to toxic environments than to healthy workplaces. We hope that being able to understand how professional norms and institutional rules are sometimes turned into social tools to enforce obedience and existing hierarchies can empower victims of those phenomena to resist them more effectively. It might also contribute to increasing the awareness of well-meaning nurses or people in position of authority who have been socialized in environments where fake kindness is normalized.
本文首先对虚假善意进行了定义，重点关注善意的行为成分与真诚关注他人需求的意图之间的脱节。然后，利用皮埃尔·布迪厄的社会学理论，将这一定义用于阐述虚假善意如何可以被概念化为一种特殊形式的象征性暴力。这种观点可以解释为什么以及为什么虚假善意的流行和有效性会根据微观社会学规范和价值观而有所不同。然后，使用虚假善意作为象征性暴力的一种形式的通用定义和概念化来讨论护理专业对关怀概念的迷恋及其作为道德指南针的实施方式如何可能在该专业中助长虚假善意的发展。在这种观点中，制度上对礼貌和行为端正的专业精神的执行更有可能导致有毒的环境，而不是健康的工作场所。我们希望能够理解专业规范和制度规则有时如何变成社会工具，以执行服从和现有的等级制度，这可以使这些现象的受害者更有效地抵制它们。它也可能有助于提高那些在虚假善意被视为正常的环境中被社会化的善意护士或处于权威地位的人的意识。
