Hall Joanne M
University of Tennessee College of Nursing, Knoxville, TN 37914, USA.
Nurs Philos. 2004 Apr;5(1):41-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-769X.2004.00165.x.
Marginalization has been used as a guiding concept for nursing research, theory and practice. Its properties have been identified and updated in 1994 and 1999, respectively. This article re-examines marginalization, considering it to be a concept that changes with pivotal historical events. The events of September 11, 2001, and the war between the US/UK and Iraq are such pivotal events. The notion of the linguistic habitus and symbolic violence as outlined by Bourdieu provide new insights about the dynamics of marginalization. Specifically noted is the marginalization of persons and cultures based on their designation by the current US administration, and as interpreted through mainstream media, as actual or potential 'terrorists'. A parallel situation in nursing is discussed, beginning with nursing's own marginality, related to the dynamics of symbolic violence. Nursing is argued to be vulnerable to having essential words and practices co-opted by dominant institutions and altered in meaning, that is, made incongruent with the discipline's emphasis on core values of confidentiality, equity and care. In response to marginalization and exteriorization those affected can use voice and testimony to 'recreate the centre'. Suggestions for protecting our practices and philosophy are included.
边缘化已被用作护理研究、理论和实践的指导概念。其属性分别于1994年和1999年得到确认和更新。本文重新审视边缘化，认为它是一个随关键历史事件而变化的概念。2001年9月11日的事件以及美英与伊拉克之间的战争就是这样的关键事件。布迪厄所概述的语言习性和象征暴力概念为边缘化的动态提供了新的见解。特别值得注意的是，基于美国现任政府的指定，并通过主流媒体的解读，一些个人和文化被边缘化，被视为实际的或潜在的“恐怖分子”。本文讨论了护理领域的类似情况，首先是护理自身的边缘化，这与象征暴力的动态有关。有人认为，护理容易出现关键术语和实践被主导机构挪用并改变其含义的情况，也就是说，使其与该学科对保密、公平和关怀等核心价值观的强调不一致。为应对边缘化和外在化，受影响者可以利用发声和证词来“重建中心”。文中还包括了保护我们的实践和理念的建议。
