Petrillo Zaccaria, Tripaldi Simona, Mangiacapra Annarita, Scippacercola Sergio, Caliro Stefano, Chiodini Giovanni
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, Napoli, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 27;13(1):18445. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45108-0.
Campi Flegrei (CF) is an active and densely populated caldera in Southern Italy, which has manifested signs of significant unrest in the last 50 years. Due to the high volcanic risk, monitoring networks of the most sensitive unrest indicators have been implemented and improved over time. Precious database constituted by geophysical and geochemical data allowed the study of the caldera unrest phases. In this paper we retrace the caldera history in the time span 2000-2020 by analyzing displacement, seismicity and geochemical time series in a unified framework. To this end, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was firstly applied only on geochemical data because of their compositional nature. The retrieved first three components were successively analyzed via PCA together with the geophysical and thermodynamical variables. Our results suggest that three independent processes relay on geochemical observations: a heating/pressurizing of the hydrothermal system, a process related to magmatic fluids injection at the hydrothermal system roots, and third process probably connected with a deeper magmatic dynamic. The actual volcano alert state seems mainly linked to the variation of the hydrothermal system activity. Our approach made it possible to explore the interrelation among observations of different nature highlighting the importance of the relative driving processes over time.
弗莱格雷火山口（CF）是意大利南部一个活跃且人口密集的破火山口，在过去50年里已表现出显著动荡的迹象。由于火山风险高，随着时间的推移，已建立并改进了最敏感动荡指标的监测网络。由地球物理和地球化学数据构成的珍贵数据库使得对破火山口动荡阶段的研究成为可能。在本文中，我们通过在一个统一框架内分析位移、地震活动和地球化学时间序列，追溯了2000 - 2020年期间破火山口的历史。为此，由于地球化学数据的成分性质，主成分分析（PCA）首先仅应用于地球化学数据。检索到的前三个成分随后与地球物理和热力学变量一起通过主成分分析进行分析。我们的结果表明，有三个独立的过程依赖于地球化学观测：热液系统的加热/增压、与热液系统根部岩浆流体注入相关的过程，以及第三个可能与更深层岩浆动力学有关的过程。实际的火山警戒状态似乎主要与热液系统活动的变化有关。我们的方法使得探索不同性质观测之间的相互关系成为可能，突出了相关驱动过程随时间的重要性。
