MacDonald Carol, Caimino Charlotte, Burns-O'Connell Georgina, Hartley Douglas, Lockwood Joanna, Sereda Magdalena, Whitmer William, Cima Rilana, Turton Laura, Hoare Derek J
NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK.
Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Brain Sci. 2023 Oct 23;13(10):1496. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13101496.
Tinnitus (the perception of sound in the absence of any corresponding external source) is highly prevalent and can be distressing. There are unanswered questions about how tinnitus, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviours co-occur and interact. To establish the extent of scientific literature, this scoping review catalogued primary reports addressing the associations between tinnitus, suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and death by suicide. We searched OvidSP, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, EThoS, and ProQuest for all studies and case reports on ideation and/or attempted and/or completed suicide in the context of tinnitus. Twenty-three studies were included, and data were charted according to study type. Several epidemiological and other observational studies gave evidence of risk factors and an association between suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviour, and tinnitus. However, there was no evidence of the direction of causality. Qualitative studies are indicated to explore the patient's experience and understand the dynamics of any interaction between tinnitus and suicidal thoughts and behaviours. A theory-informed model of tinnitus and suicide needs to be developed to inform the development of interventions and how tinnitus patients are supported clinically.
耳鸣（即在没有任何相应外部声源的情况下感知到声音）非常普遍，且可能令人痛苦。关于耳鸣、自杀念头和自杀行为是如何同时出现并相互作用的，仍存在一些未解答的问题。为了确定科学文献的范围，本综述对涉及耳鸣、自杀意念、自杀未遂和自杀死亡之间关联的主要报告进行了编目。我们在OvidSP、Medline、EMBASE、PsycINFO、CINAHL、谷歌学术、EThoS和ProQuest中搜索了所有关于耳鸣背景下的意念和/或自杀未遂和/或自杀完成的研究及病例报告。纳入了23项研究，并根据研究类型绘制了数据图表。一些流行病学及其他观察性研究提供了自杀意念、自杀行为与耳鸣之间的危险因素及关联的证据。然而，没有因果关系方向的证据。建议开展定性研究以探索患者的经历，并了解耳鸣与自杀念头及行为之间任何相互作用的动态情况。需要建立一个基于理论的耳鸣与自杀模型，以为干预措施的制定以及耳鸣患者的临床支持方式提供参考。
