15种常见饮食因素与耳鸣的关联：观察性研究的系统评价和荟萃分析

Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

作者信息

Zhang Mengni, Wang Xiaocui, Zhang Shipeng, He Xinyi, Chen Xi, Wang Lu, Fu Li, Wang Hanyu, Fu Qinwei, Jiang Yanjie, Li Xinrong, Zhang Qinxiu

机构信息

Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2025 Mar 18;15(3):e091507. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091507.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091507

PMID:40101973

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12010292/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

A systematic analysis was conducted to investigate the association between tinnitus incidence and daily dietary patterns.

DESIGN

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

DATA SOURCES

The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception to 25 May 2024.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES

We included observational studies from peer-reviewed English-language journals that examined tinnitus presence or severity in adults aged 18 years or older, including associated prevalence estimates.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS

Data extraction was independently conducted by two evaluators, who assessed research bias using the Agency for Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and applied evidence classification criteria for aggregate grade strength assessment. This study adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Project (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Observational Studies, as well as the PROSPERO Registry protocols. A mixed-effect model combined maximum adjusted estimates, with heterogeneity measured using the I statistic. Sensitivity analysis validated the robustness of the analysis, and publication bias was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively.

RESULTS

A total of 10 retrospective studies were identified and included in this analysis, with the last eight studies incorporated into the meta-analysis. Fifteen dietary factors were examined. Fruit intake, dietary fibre, caffeine and dairy product consumption were negatively correlated with tinnitus incidence (OR=0.649 (95% CI 0.532, 0.793), p<0.0001), (OR=0.918 (95% CI 0.851, 0.990), p=0.03), (OR=0.898 (95% CI 0.862, 0.935), p<0.00001), (OR=0.827 (95% CI 0.766, 0.892), p<0.00001), respectively. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest a link between particular dietary elements and a lower incidence of tinnitus.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER

CRD42023493856.

摘要

目的

进行系统分析以研究耳鸣发病率与日常饮食模式之间的关联。

设计

我们对观察性研究进行了系统综述和荟萃分析。

数据来源

检索了PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆数据库，检索时间从建库至2024年5月25日。

研究选择的纳入标准

我们纳入了来自同行评审英文期刊的观察性研究，这些研究调查了18岁及以上成年人的耳鸣存在情况或严重程度，包括相关的患病率估计。

数据提取与合成

由两名评估人员独立进行数据提取，他们使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究偏倚，并应用证据分类标准进行总体等级强度评估。本研究遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析优先报告项目（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses）以及流行病学观察性研究荟萃分析的指南，以及PROSPERO注册协议。采用混合效应模型合并最大调整估计值，使用I统计量测量异质性。敏感性分析验证了分析的稳健性，并对发表偏倚进行了定性和定量评估。

结果

共确定了10项回顾性研究并纳入本分析，其中最后8项研究纳入荟萃分析。研究了15种饮食因素。水果摄入量、膳食纤维、咖啡因和乳制品消费与耳鸣发病率呈负相关（OR分别为0.649（95%CI 0.532，0.793），p<0.0001），（OR为0.918（95%CI 0.851，0.990），p=0.03），（OR为0.898（95%CI 0.862，0.935），p<0.00001），（OR为0.827（95%CI 0.766，0.892），p<0.00001）。敏感性分析证实了研究结果的稳健性。