Saucedo Renata, Ortega-Camarillo Clara, Ferreira-Hermosillo Aldo, Díaz-Velázquez Mary Flor, Meixueiro-Calderón Claudia, Valencia-Ortega Jorge
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico.
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Sep 29;12(10):1812. doi: 10.3390/antiox12101812.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications. It is related to several gestational and fetal adverse outcomes. Moreover, women with GDM and their infants have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. The pathogenesis of GDM is not completely understood; nevertheless, two factors that contribute to its development are oxidative stress and inflammation. Oxidative stress and inflammation are related; reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can activate inflammatory cells and enhance the production of inflammatory mediators. Inflammation, in turn, leads to an increased ROS release, causing a vicious circle to ensue. Inflammatory responses can be achieved via the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Herein, we review the English literature regarding oxidative stress and inflammation evaluated simultaneously in the same population, attempting to identify mechanisms through which these factors contribute to the development of GDM. Furthermore, the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation by different therapies used in women with GDM and in cell models of GDM is included in the review. Probiotics and nutrient supplementations have been shown to reduce biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in women with GDM.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是最常见的妊娠并发症之一。它与多种妊娠和胎儿不良结局相关。此外，患有GDM的女性及其婴儿未来患2型糖尿病的风险很高。GDM的发病机制尚未完全明确；然而，促成其发展的两个因素是氧化应激和炎症。氧化应激和炎症相互关联；活性氧（ROS）的产生可激活炎症细胞并增强炎症介质的产生。反过来，炎症会导致ROS释放增加，从而形成恶性循环。炎症反应可通过激活NF-κB信号通路来实现。在此，我们回顾了关于在同一人群中同时评估氧化应激和炎症的英文文献，试图确定这些因素促成GDM发展的机制。此外，本综述还包括了GDM女性和GDM细胞模型中使用的不同疗法对氧化应激和炎症的调节作用。益生菌和营养补充剂已被证明在体外和GDM女性中可降低炎症和氧化应激的生物标志物。
