Calcaterra Valeria, Cena Hellas, Sottotetti Francesca, Rossi Virginia, Loperfido Federica, Zuccotti Gianvincenzo
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2023 Oct 14;10(10):1686. doi: 10.3390/children10101686.
Nutrients have an enormous impact on many hormonal systems and aspects of health, and nutrition status is a crucial regulator of growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents. In this narrative review, we explore the connection between these feeding methods and the timing of puberty to provide a clearer understanding of how infant nutrition might contribute to the early development of puberty. Puberty is a key stage in the transition from childhood to adulthood and the timing of puberty represents a significant biological milestone of growth. Breast milk seems to have a pivotal role in puberty onset, mainly due to its dynamism, which shape indirectly the gut microbiota in early life, besides direct exposure of the baby to the milk microbiota through gut-breast axis. Concerning breast and formula milk and their effects on the onset of puberty, a protective role of the former occurs. As for the potential harmful effects of soy-based formulas and the isoflavones that they contain, the studies reported demonstrate conflicting opinions, underlining the need for further research on this topic. A healthy and well-nourished diet from the earliest stages of life has significant preventive potential for overall well-being, reducing the risk of many health problems later in life.
营养物质对许多激素系统和健康方面有着巨大影响，营养状况是儿童和青少年生长及青春期发育的关键调节因素。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们探讨这些喂养方式与青春期时间之间的联系，以便更清楚地了解婴儿营养如何可能促成青春期的提前发育。青春期是从儿童向成人过渡的关键阶段，青春期的时间代表着一个重要的生长生物学里程碑。母乳似乎在青春期启动中起着关键作用，这主要归因于其动态特性，它除了通过肠 - 乳腺轴使婴儿直接接触乳汁微生物群外，还在生命早期间接塑造肠道微生物群。关于母乳和配方奶及其对青春期启动的影响，前者具有保护作用。至于大豆基配方奶及其所含异黄酮的潜在有害影响，报告的研究显示出相互矛盾的观点，这突出表明需要对该主题进行进一步研究。从生命的最早阶段开始就保持健康且营养良好的饮食对整体健康具有显著的预防潜力，可降低日后生活中许多健康问题的风险。
