Bülow Astrid, Schäfer Benedikt, Beier Justus P
Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Oct 21;10(10):1232. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10101232.
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (TE) and adipose tissue engineering have undergone significant progress in recent years. This review focuses on the key findings in these areas, particularly highlighting the integration of 3D bioprinting techniques to overcome challenges and enhance tissue regeneration. In skeletal muscle TE, 3D bioprinting enables the precise replication of muscle architecture. This addresses the need for the parallel alignment of cells and proper innervation. Satellite cells (SCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been utilized, along with co-cultivation strategies for vascularization and innervation. Therefore, various printing methods and materials, including decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), have been explored. Similarly, in adipose tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting has been employed to overcome the challenge of vascularization; addressing this challenge is vital for graft survival. Decellularized adipose tissue and biomimetic scaffolds have been used as biological inks, along with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), to enhance graft survival. The integration of dECM and alginate bioinks has demonstrated improved adipocyte maturation and differentiation. These findings highlight the potential of 3D bioprinting techniques in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue engineering. By integrating specific cell types, biomaterials, and printing methods, significant progress has been made in tissue regeneration. However, challenges such as fabricating larger constructs, translating findings to human models, and obtaining regulatory approvals for cellular therapies remain to be addressed. Nonetheless, these advancements underscore the transformative impact of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering research and its potential for future clinical applications.
近年来，骨骼肌组织工程（TE）和脂肪组织工程取得了显著进展。本综述聚焦于这些领域的关键发现，特别强调了3D生物打印技术的整合，以克服挑战并促进组织再生。在骨骼肌组织工程中，3D生物打印能够精确复制肌肉结构。这满足了细胞平行排列和适当神经支配的需求。卫星细胞（SCs）和间充质干细胞（MSCs）已被利用，同时采用了共培养策略来实现血管化和神经支配。因此，人们探索了各种打印方法和材料，包括脱细胞细胞外基质（dECM）。同样，在脂肪组织工程中，3D生物打印已被用于克服血管化挑战；解决这一挑战对移植物存活至关重要。脱细胞脂肪组织和仿生支架已被用作生物墨水，与脂肪来源干细胞（ADSCs）一起，以提高移植物存活率。dECM和藻酸盐生物墨水的整合已证明可改善脂肪细胞的成熟和分化。这些发现凸显了3D生物打印技术在骨骼肌和脂肪组织工程中的潜力。通过整合特定的细胞类型、生物材料和打印方法，在组织再生方面取得了重大进展。然而，诸如制造更大的构建体、将研究结果转化为人体模型以及获得细胞疗法的监管批准等挑战仍有待解决。尽管如此，这些进展强调了3D生物打印在组织工程研究中的变革性影响及其未来临床应用的潜力。
