Naumova Natalia, Barsukov Pavel, Baturina Olga, Rusalimova Olga, Kabilov Marsel
Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Microorganisms. 2023 Sep 28;11(10):2431. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11102431.
Managing soil biodiversity using reduced tillage is a popular approach, yet soil bacteriobiomes in the agroecosystems of Siberia has been scarcely studied, especially as they are related to tillage. We studied bacteriobiomes in Chernozem under natural steppe vegetation and cropped for wheat using conventional or no tillage in a long-term field trial in the Novosibirsk region, Russia, by using the sequence diversity of the V3/V4 region of 16S rRNA genes. , , and summarily accounted for 80% of the total number of sequences, with alone averaging 51%. The vegetation (natural vs. crop) and tillage (ploughed vs. no-till) affected the bacterial relative abundance at all taxonomic levels and many taxa, e.g., hundreds of OTUs. However, such changes did not translate into α-biodiversity changes, i.e., observed and potential OTUs' richness, Shannon, and Simpson, excepting the slightly higher evenness and equitability in the top 0-5 cm of the undisturbed soil. As for the β-biodiversity, substituting conventional ploughing with no tillage and maintaining the latter for 12 years notably shifted the soil bacteriobiome closer to the one in the undisturbed soil. This study, presenting the first inventory of soil bacteriobiomes under different tillage in the south of West Siberia, underscores the need to investigate the seasonality and longevity aspects of tillage, especially as they are related to crop production.
采用少耕法管理土壤生物多样性是一种常见的方法，然而，西伯利亚农业生态系统中的土壤细菌群落却鲜有研究，尤其是与耕作相关的方面。在俄罗斯新西伯利亚地区的一项长期田间试验中，我们通过分析16S rRNA基因V3/V4区域的序列多样性，研究了天然草原植被下的黑钙土以及采用传统耕作或免耕种植小麦的土壤中的细菌群落。[具体细菌种类]、[具体细菌种类]和[具体细菌种类]总共占序列总数的80%，其中仅[具体细菌种类]平均就占51%。植被类型（天然植被与农作物）和耕作方式（翻耕与免耕）在所有分类水平上以及许多分类单元（例如数百个操作分类单元）上都影响了细菌的相对丰度。然而，这些变化并未转化为α-生物多样性的变化，即观察到的和潜在的操作分类单元的丰富度、香农指数和辛普森指数，不过在未扰动土壤表层0-5厘米处，均匀度和公平性略高。至于β-生物多样性，用免耕取代传统翻耕并持续12年显著地使土壤细菌群落更接近未扰动土壤中的群落。这项研究首次列出了西西伯利亚南部不同耕作方式下的土壤细菌群落清单，强调了研究耕作的季节性和持续性方面的必要性，尤其是与作物生产相关的方面。
