Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 20;24(20):15398. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015398.
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci, the most polymorphic regions within the human genome, encode protein complexes responsible for antigen presentation and CD4+ and CD8+ cell activation. In prostate cancer (PCa), the second most diagnosed cancer in the male population, MHC loci undergo significant changes in their expression patterns, which affect the ability of the immune system to attack and eliminate malignant cells. The purpose of this study was to explore the genetic diversity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and HLA-B in patients with PCa and healthy controls (HCs) by performing HLA genotyping using NGS technology. The analysis highlighted statistically significant differences ( < 0.05) in the prevalence of three alleles (A11:01, A24:02, and B18:01). Among the HCs analyzed, 14.89% had A11:01, 20.21% had A24:02, and 30.61% had B18:01; while 5.21% of patients with PCa presented A11:01, 9.38% presented A24:02, 18.08% presented B18:01. Odds ratio (OR) calculations underlined a negative association between the three alleles and the risk of PCa (OR < 1). The results presented in this study suggest a protective role of A11:01, A24:02, and B18:01 in PCa.
主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）基因座是人类基因组中多态性最高的区域，其编码的蛋白复合物负责抗原呈递和 CD4+和 CD8+细胞的激活。在前列腺癌（PCa）中，这种男性第二大常见癌症，MHC 基因座的表达模式发生了显著变化，这影响了免疫系统攻击和消除恶性细胞的能力。本研究旨在通过使用 NGS 技术进行 HLA 基因分型，探讨 PCa 患者和健康对照（HC）中人类白细胞抗原（HLA）-A 和 HLA-B 的遗传多样性。分析突出了三个等位基因（A11:01、A24:02 和 B18:01）的流行率存在统计学显著差异（<0.05）。在分析的 HCs 中，14.89%有 A11:01，20.21%有 A24:02，30.61%有 B18:01；而 5.21%的 PCa 患者有 A11:01，9.38%有 A24:02，18.08%有 B18:01。优势比（OR）计算强调了这三个等位基因与 PCa 风险之间的负相关关系（OR<1）。本研究结果表明 A11:01、A24:02 和 B18:01 对 PCa 具有保护作用。
