Kim Kyung Soo, Kwak Il-Youp, Min Hyun Jin
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea.
Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, 224-1 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea.
Life (Basel). 2023 Oct 17;13(10):2074. doi: 10.3390/life13102074.
This study, conducted in a single tertiary hospital, aimed to evaluate the 2-phenylethyl alcohol (PEA)-based sniffing bead test as a screening tool for olfactory dysfunction suitable for implementation in otorhinolaryngology and other settings, including general practice clinics. A total of 139 patients were enrolled, all of whom underwent both the PEA bead test and conventional psychophysical olfactory function testing. Characteristics such as age, sex, concurrent diseases, smoking history, and presence of gustatory dysfunction were reviewed. Statistical analyses included receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, area under the curve determination, and multivariate linear regression guided by the Akaike information criterion. Significant correlations were found between the PEA bead test and various subsets of the conventional YSK olfactory function test: threshold (r = 0.631), discrimination (r = 0.455), and identification (r = 0.596), as well as the composite threshold-discrimination-identification score (r = 0.686). These correlations remained significant even when adjusting for other clinical characteristics. The PEA bead test showed a sensitivity of 0.778 and a specificity of 0.958 for discriminating olfactory dysfunction at a cutoff value of ≥1. These findings indicate that the PEA bead test could be a valuable screening tool for olfactory dysfunction across diverse clinical settings. Further large-scale, multicenter research is recommended to confirm these preliminary results.
本研究在一家三级医院开展，旨在评估基于2-苯乙醇（PEA）的嗅珠试验作为嗅觉功能障碍筛查工具的效果，该工具适用于耳鼻喉科及其他场所，包括全科诊所。共纳入139例患者，所有患者均接受了PEA嗅珠试验和传统的心理物理学嗅觉功能测试。对患者的年龄、性别、并发疾病、吸烟史以及味觉功能障碍情况等特征进行了审查。统计分析包括受试者工作特征曲线分析、曲线下面积测定以及以赤池信息准则为指导的多元线性回归。结果发现，PEA嗅珠试验与传统YSK嗅觉功能测试的各个子项之间存在显著相关性：阈值（r = 0.631）、辨别力（r = 0.455）和识别力（r = 0.596），以及阈值-辨别力-识别力综合评分（r = 0.686）。即使在对其他临床特征进行调整后，这些相关性仍然显著。在截断值≥1时，PEA嗅珠试验对嗅觉功能障碍的辨别灵敏度为0.778，特异度为0.958。这些发现表明，PEA嗅珠试验可能是一种适用于多种临床环境的、有价值的嗅觉功能障碍筛查工具。建议开展进一步的大规模、多中心研究以证实这些初步结果。
