Xue Liang, Otieno Maureen, Colson Kimberly, Neto Catherine
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA.
Bruker BioSpin Corp., Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Oct 17;12(20):3595. doi: 10.3390/plants12203595.
The impact of the growth environment on the production of health-promoting phytochemicals in cranberry fruit ( Aiton) is not well established despite increased production worldwide. We investigated the secondary metabolite composition among the cranberry fruit of nine cultivars produced in two major coastal North American growing regions that differ in climate. Using H NOESY NMR to generate metabolic fingerprints, principal component analysis revealed variation between the two regions and identified likely contributing metabolites. Triterpenoids ursolic and oleanolic acid, as well as citric and malic acids, were quantified using H qNMR, and anthocyanins and flavonols were determined by HPLC-DAD. Total proanthocyanidins (PACs), total soluble phenolics, and DPPH free-radical scavenging antioxidant activity were also evaluated. Across all cultivars, anthocyanins, flavonols, and total phenolic content were significantly higher in West Coast fruit than East Coast fruit, correlating with a regional trend of higher antioxidant activity in fruit grown on the West Coast. The opposite trend was observed for triterpenoids and organic acids, which were significantly higher across cultivars in East Coast fruit. These trends persisted over two growing seasons. The study demonstrates that climate plays an important role in the production of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals in cranberry plants.
尽管蔓越莓果实（艾顿）在全球范围内的产量有所增加，但其生长环境对促进健康的植物化学物质产生的影响尚未得到充分证实。我们调查了在北美两个主要沿海种植区生产的九个蔓越莓品种果实中的次生代谢物组成，这两个地区气候不同。使用异核单量子相干核磁共振（H NOESY NMR）生成代谢指纹图谱，主成分分析揭示了两个地区之间的差异，并确定了可能起作用的代谢物。使用定量核磁共振（H qNMR）对三萜类化合物熊果酸和齐墩果酸以及柠檬酸和苹果酸进行定量，并通过高效液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测（HPLC-DAD）测定花青素和黄酮醇。还评估了总原花青素（PACs）、总可溶性酚类物质和二苯基苦味酰基自由基清除抗氧化活性。在所有品种中，西海岸果实中的花青素、黄酮醇和总酚含量均显著高于东海岸果实，这与西海岸种植的果实中抗氧化活性较高的区域趋势相关。对于三萜类化合物和有机酸，观察到相反的趋势，东海岸果实中所有品种的含量均显著更高。这些趋势在两个生长季节中持续存在。该研究表明，气候在蔓越莓植物中抗氧化和抗炎植物化学物质的产生中起着重要作用。
