Khan Md Arifur Rahman, Mahmud Apple, Ghosh Uttam Kumar, Hossain Md Saddam, Siddiqui Md Nurealam, Islam A K M Aminul, Anik Touhidur Rahman, Rahman Md Mezanur, Sharma Anket, Abdelrahman Mostafa, Ha Chien Van, Mostofa Mohammad Golam, Tran Lam-Son Phan
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Oct 17;12(20):3601. doi: 10.3390/plants12203601.
Rice () is a major crop and a main food for a major part of the global population. Rice species have derived from divergent agro-climatic regions, and thus, the local germplasm has a large genetic diversity. This study investigated the relationship between phenotypic and genetic variabilities of yield and yield-associated traits in Aus rice to identify short-duration, high-yielding genotypes. Targeting this issue, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of 51 Aus rice genotypes, including 50 accessions in F generation and one short-duration check variety BINAdhan-19. The genotypes exhibited a large and significant variation in yield and its associated traits, as evidenced by a wide range of their coefficient of variance. The investigated traits, including days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL) and 1000-grain weight (TW) exhibited a greater genotypic coefficient of variation than the environmental coefficient of variation. In addition, the high broad-sense heritability of DM, PH, PL and TW traits suggests that the genetic factors significantly influence the observed variations in these traits among the F Aus rice accessions. This study also revealed that the grain yield per hill (GY) displayed a significant positive correlation with PL, number of filled grains per panicle (FG) and TW at both genotype and phenotype levels. According to the hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses, the accessions BU-R-ACC-02, BU-R-ACC-08 and R2-36-3-1-1 have shorter DM and relatively higher GY than other Aus rice accessions. These three accessions could be employed in the ongoing and future breeding programs for the improvement of short-duration and high-yielding rice cultivars.
水稻是一种主要作物，也是全球大部分人口的主食。水稻品种源自不同的农业气候区域，因此，当地种质具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究调查了奥氏稻产量及产量相关性状的表型变异与遗传变异之间的关系，以鉴定生育期短、高产的基因型。针对这一问题，开展了一项田间试验，以评估51个奥氏稻基因型的表现，其中包括50个F代种质和一个生育期短的对照品种BINAdhan-19。这些基因型在产量及其相关性状上表现出很大且显著的变异，其变异系数范围广泛证明了这一点。所调查的性状，包括成熟期天数（DM）、株高（PH）、穗长（PL）和千粒重（TW），其基因型变异系数大于环境变异系数。此外，DM、PH、PL和TW性状的广义遗传力较高，表明遗传因素显著影响了F代奥氏稻种质中这些性状的观察变异。本研究还表明，在基因型和表型水平上，每蔸粒重（GY）与PL、每穗实粒数（FG）和TW均呈显著正相关。根据层次聚类分析和K均值聚类分析，种质BU-R-ACC-02、BU-R-ACC-08和R2-36-3-1-1的DM较短，GY相对高于其他奥氏稻种质。这三个种质可用于当前和未来的育种计划，以改良生育期短、高产的水稻品种。
