Viral Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea.
Veterinary Center, Korea Racing Authority, Gwacheon 13822, Republic of Korea.
Viruses. 2023 Oct 23;15(10):2135. doi: 10.3390/v15102135.
Equine influenza virus (EIV) causes acute respiratory disease in horses and belongs to the influenza A virus family , genus . This virus may have severe financial implications for the horse industry owing to its highly contagious nature and rapid transmission. In the Republic of Korea, vaccination against EIV has been practiced with the active involvement of the Korea Racing Authority since 1974. In this study, we monitored the viral RNA for EIV using PCR, as well as the antibody levels against 'A/equine/South Africa/4/03 (H3N8, clade 1)', from 2020 to 2022. EIV was not detected using RT-PCR. The seropositivity rates detected using a hemagglutination inhibition assay were 90.3% in 2020, 96.7% in 2021, and 91.8% in 2022. The geometric mean of antibody titer (GMT) was 83.4 in 2020, 135.7 in 2021, and 95.6 in 2022. Yearlings and two-year-olds in training exhibited lower positive rates (59.1% in 2020, 38.9% in 2021, and 44.1% in 2022) than the average. These younger horses may require more attention for vaccination and vaccine responses against EIV. Continuous surveillance of EIV should be performed to monitor the prevalence and spread of this disease.
马流感病毒（EIV）可引起马的急性呼吸道疾病，属于甲型流感病毒科，属。由于其高度传染性和快速传播性，该病毒可能会给马业造成严重的经济影响。在韩国，自 1974 年以来，韩国赛马管理局就积极参与了对 EIV 的疫苗接种。在这项研究中，我们使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）监测了 EIV 的病毒 RNA，以及针对“A/equine/South Africa/4/03（H3N8，clade 1）”的抗体水平，时间跨度为 2020 年至 2022 年。使用 RT-PCR 未检测到 EIV。血凝抑制试验检测到的血清阳性率在 2020 年为 90.3%，2021 年为 96.7%，2022 年为 91.8%。抗体滴度的几何平均值在 2020 年为 83.4，2021 年为 135.7，2022 年为 95.6。训练中的一岁马和两岁马的阳性率较低（2020 年为 59.1%，2021 年为 38.9%，2022 年为 44.1%）。这些年幼的马可能需要更多的关注，以进行 EIV 疫苗接种和疫苗反应。应持续监测 EIV，以监测该病的流行和传播。
