Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2022 Jan 4;12(1):a038331. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038331.
Horses are the third major mammalian species, along with humans and swine, long known to be subject to acute upper respiratory disease from influenza A virus infection. The viruses responsible are subtype H7N7, which is believed extinct, and H3N8, which circulates worldwide. The equine influenza lineages are clearly divergent from avian influenza lineages of the same subtypes. Their genetic evolution and potential for interspecies transmission, as well as clinical features and epidemiology, are discussed. Equine influenza is spread internationally and vaccination is central to control efforts. The current mechanism of international surveillance and virus strain recommendations for vaccines is described.
马是继人类和猪之后的第三大哺乳动物物种,长期以来一直被认为易患甲型流感病毒引起的急性上呼吸道疾病。这些病毒是 H7N7 亚型,据信已灭绝,以及 H3N8 亚型,在全球范围内传播。马流感谱系明显与相同亚型的禽流感谱系不同。讨论了它们的遗传进化和种间传播的潜力,以及临床特征和流行病学。马流感在国际上传播,疫苗接种是控制工作的核心。描述了当前国际监测机制和疫苗毒株推荐。