Wang Xiaorui, Duan Liangrong, Zhang Tianjiao, Cheng Wen, Jia Qi, Li Jiangsu, Li Mingyue
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Yellow River Civilization Provincial Co-Construction, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Nov;30(54):115915-115928. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30622-5. Epub 2023 Oct 28.
The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is a typical ecologically fragile area in both the Chinese and global contexts. This paper built a sensitivity-resilience-pressure model to evaluate the ecological vulnerability (EV) of the YRB at the grid and prefecture-level regional scales; explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of EV; and scrutinized the impacts of socioeconomic driving factors on EV. The results showed that (1) at the grid and prefecture-level regional scales, EV decreased from the upper to lower reaches, and high vulnerability was observed in the provincial capital city. Mild and severe vulnerability constituted the main EV types in the YRB. (2) The EV index of the YRB decreased from 2.71 to 2.56 in the study period, indicating that the ecological environment improved in the YRB. The slightly and lightly vulnerable areas experienced shrinking-expansion changes, and the overall areas of these two EV types showed expanding trends, while the areal changes and overall trends of the moderately, severely, and extremely vulnerable areas were contrary to those of the slightly and lightly vulnerable areas. (3) The impacts of socioeconomic driving factors on EV dynamically strengthened with the improvement of the socioeconomic level. After considering the interactions of all socioeconomic factors, the explanatory power of the spatial differentiation of EV was enhanced, and the influence of these factors became more prominent.
黄河流域在中国乃至全球范围内都是典型的生态脆弱地区。本文构建了敏感性-恢复力-压力模型，以评估黄河流域在网格和地级区域尺度上的生态脆弱性；探究了生态脆弱性的时空特征；并审视了社会经济驱动因素对生态脆弱性的影响。结果表明：（1）在网格和地级区域尺度上，生态脆弱性从上游向下游降低，省会城市生态脆弱性较高。轻度和重度脆弱性是黄河流域生态脆弱性的主要类型。（2）研究期内黄河流域生态脆弱性指数从2.71降至2.56，表明黄河流域生态环境有所改善。轻度和轻度脆弱区经历了萎缩-扩张变化，这两种生态脆弱性类型的总面积呈扩大趋势，而中度、重度和极度脆弱区的面积变化及总体趋势与轻度和轻度脆弱区相反。（3）社会经济驱动因素对生态脆弱性的影响随着社会经济水平的提高而动态增强。在考虑所有社会经济因素的相互作用后，生态脆弱性空间分异的解释力增强，这些因素的影响更加突出。
