Messimeris Despina, Levy Richard, Le Bouc Raphaël
FrontLab, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
Front Neurol. 2023 Oct 12;14:1198262. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1198262. eCollection 2023.
Making good economic and social decisions is essential for individual and social welfare. Decades of research have provided compelling evidence that damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is associated with dramatic personality changes and impairments in economic and social decision-making. However, whether the vmPFC subserves a unified mechanism in the social and non-social domains remains unclear. When choosing between economic options, the vmPFC is thought to guide decision by encoding value signals that reflect the motivational relevance of the options on a common scale. A recent framework, the "extended common neural currency" hypothesis, suggests that the vmPFC may also assign values to social factors and principles, thereby guiding social decision-making. Although neural value signals have been observed in the vmPFC in both social and non-social studies, it is yet to be determined whether they have a causal influence on behavior or merely correlate with decision-making. In this review, we assess whether lesion studies of patients with vmPFC damage offer evidence for such a causal role of the vmPFC in shaping economic and social behavior.
做出良好的经济和社会决策对于个人和社会福祉至关重要。数十年的研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）受损与人格的显著变化以及经济和社会决策能力的损害有关。然而，vmPFC在社会和非社会领域是否服务于统一机制仍不清楚。在经济选项之间进行选择时，vmPFC被认为通过编码价值信号来指导决策，这些价值信号在一个共同的尺度上反映了选项的动机相关性。最近的一个框架，即“扩展的通用神经货币”假说，表明vmPFC也可能为社会因素和原则赋予价值，从而指导社会决策。尽管在社会和非社会研究中都在vmPFC中观察到了神经价值信号，但它们是否对行为有因果影响，或者仅仅与决策相关，仍有待确定。在这篇综述中，我们评估vmPFC受损患者的病变研究是否为vmPFC在塑造经济和社会行为方面的这种因果作用提供了证据。
