Wang Xue-Mei, Wang Qiong-Yao, Huang Jie
Department of Pediatric, Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Center, Ma'anshan 243011, Anhui Province, China.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China.
World J Clin Cases. 2023 Oct 6;11(28):6744-6753. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i28.6744.
Anemia in infants and young children can have long-term effects on cognitive and physical development. In Ma'anshan City, China, there has been growing concern about the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6 to 36 mo. Understanding the factors influencing this condition is crucial for targeted interventions and improving overall child health in the region.
To analyze the anemia status and influencing factors of infants and young children aged 6 to 36 mo in Ma'anshan City, China. Providing scientific evidence for reducing the incidence of anemia and improving the health level of children in this age group.
The study encompassed 37698 infants and young children, aged from 6 to 36 mo, who underwent health examinations at the Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to October 2022 were included in the study. Basic information, physical examination, and hemoglobin detection data were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of anemia in children in the region, and univariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of anemia.
The mean hemoglobin level of infants and young children aged 9 to 36 mo increased with age, and the anemia detection rate decreased with age. The anemia detection rate in rural infants aged 6, 9, and 12 mo was higher than that in urban infants. Although the anemia detection rate was higher in 6-mo-old boys than girls, it was higher in 24-mo-old girls than boys. There were statistically significant differences in the anemia detection rates among 9-mo-old and 12-mo-old infants with different nutritional statuses (emaciation, overweight, obese, and normal). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in anemia detection rates among infants and young children with different nutritional statuses at other ages. Besides, the anemia detection rates in obese infants aged 9 and 12 mo were higher than those in normal and overweight infants, with statistically significant differences. Finally, there were no statistically significant differences in the anemia detection rates between emaciation infants and those with other nutritional statuses.
The anemia situation among infants and young children aged 6 to 36 mo in Ma'anshan City, China, is relatively prominent and influenced by various factors. Our result shown that attention should be paid to the anemic infant and young child population, with strengthened education and targeted prevention and dietary guidance to help them establish good living habits, improve nutritional status, and reduce the occurrence of anemia to improve children's health levels.
婴幼儿贫血会对认知和身体发育产生长期影响。在中国马鞍山市，6至36月龄儿童贫血患病率日益受到关注。了解影响该状况的因素对于针对性干预和改善该地区儿童整体健康至关重要。
分析中国马鞍山市6至36月龄婴幼儿的贫血状况及影响因素，为降低该年龄段儿童贫血发病率、提高其健康水平提供科学依据。
本研究纳入了2018年1月至2022年10月期间在马鞍山市妇幼保健院接受健康检查的37698名6至36月龄婴幼儿。收集基本信息、体格检查及血红蛋白检测数据。采用描述性分析分析该地区儿童贫血患病率，采用单因素分析分析贫血的影响因素。
9至36月龄婴幼儿的平均血红蛋白水平随年龄增长而升高，贫血检出率随年龄增长而降低。6、9和12月龄农村婴幼儿的贫血检出率高于城市婴幼儿。虽然6月龄男婴贫血检出率高于女婴，但24月龄女婴贫血检出率高于男婴。不同营养状况（消瘦、超重、肥胖和正常）的9月龄和12月龄婴幼儿贫血检出率存在统计学差异。此外，其他年龄段不同营养状况的婴幼儿贫血检出率无统计学差异。此外，9和12月龄肥胖婴幼儿的贫血检出率高于正常和超重婴幼儿，差异有统计学意义。最后，消瘦婴幼儿与其他营养状况婴幼儿的贫血检出率无统计学差异。
中国马鞍山市6至36月龄婴幼儿贫血情况较为突出，受多种因素影响。我们的结果表明，应关注贫血婴幼儿群体，加强教育并进行针对性预防和饮食指导，帮助他们养成良好生活习惯，改善营养状况，减少贫血发生，以提高儿童健康水平。
