Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Community and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
BMJ Open. 2023 Oct 31;13(10):e075059. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075059.
Parental self-efficacy is defined as an individual's appraisal of their competence in the parental role and is one of the factors targeted by parenting interventions. Factors related to parental self-efficacy among mothers, focusing mainly on individual and family characteristics, have been clarified; however, there are limited findings on community/societal factors related to parental self-efficacy among mothers. We aimed to clarify the association between parental self-efficacy and community/societal factors among mothers with infants and toddlers to provide suggestions for maternal and child health activities.
This was a cross-sectional study, where an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by mail from November 2019 to February 2020.
A health and welfare centre in a ward certified by the largest designated city in Japan.
Six hundred forty-nine mothers raising children aged 0-3 years who attended mandatory infant health check-ups.
The Parental Self-Efficacy Scale.
The number of valid responses was 490 (valid response rate: 75.6%). The mean age of the mothers was 33.2 (SD 4.9) years. The items found to significantly relate to parental self-efficacy (p<0.05), loneliness, social isolation (social network), community commitment, greeting neighbours, willingness to interact with neighbours, participation in parent-child circles and neighbourhood association events were included as independent variables. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors significantly related to high parental self-efficacy were low loneliness score (β=-0.436, p<0.001), high social network score (β=0.153, p<0.001) and high community commitment score (β=0.110, p<0.01). The adjusted R was 0.488.
The results suggest the importance of community-building, enhancing qualitative and quantitative support by developing initiatives to reduce loneliness and improving the environment to supplement social networks, and activating community activities by promoting interaction with local residents.
父母自我效能感是指个体对其父母角色能力的评价，是育儿干预的目标因素之一。已经明确了与母亲自我效能感相关的因素，主要集中在个人和家庭特征上；然而，与母亲自我效能感相关的社区/社会因素的研究结果有限。本研究旨在阐明母亲自我效能感与社区/社会因素之间的关系，为母婴健康活动提供建议。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 2 月通过邮件进行匿名、自我管理的问卷调查。
日本最大指定城市认证的一个卫生和福利中心。
649 名 0-3 岁儿童的母亲，参加强制性婴儿健康检查。
父母自我效能感量表。
有效应答数为 490 份（有效应答率：75.6%）。母亲的平均年龄为 33.2（SD 4.9）岁。与父母自我效能感显著相关的项目（p<0.05）包括孤独感、社会孤立（社交网络）、社区承诺、问候邻居、与邻居互动的意愿、参与亲子圈和邻里协会活动，被选为自变量。多元回归分析显示，与高父母自我效能感显著相关的因素是孤独感得分低（β=-0.436，p<0.001）、社交网络得分高（β=0.153，p<0.001）和社区承诺得分高（β=0.110，p<0.01）。调整后的 R 为 0.488。
研究结果表明，建立社区的重要性，通过减少孤独感和改善环境来增强定性和定量支持，以补充社交网络，通过促进与当地居民的互动来激活社区活动。
