Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
Public Health. 2023 Dec;225:8-11. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.015. Epub 2023 Oct 30.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the flu vaccination on the mortality of hospitalized individuals with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 in Brazil.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on epidemiological data released by the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
An observational study was performed using epidemiological data available at OpenDataSUS. The primary outcome was death-the study period comprised December 29, 2019, to April 6, 2023. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (OR; 95% CI) was calculated to evaluate the association between the epidemiological markers, including the vaccination status against influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the outcome using a multivariable analysis.
The study comprised 791,891 hospitalized individuals with COVID-19. In the study, male sex, older age, living in rural areas, and race (Black and Indigenous peoples), as well as the presence of clinical signs, comorbidities (except the presence of asthma, which was protective), need for intensive care unit, and invasive mechanical ventilation, were associated with a higher chance of death; the vaccination was protective. Among patients with COVID-19, the individuals who received vaccination against influenza [N = 138,564; OR = 0.754 (95% CI = 0.742-0.766)], SARS-CoV-2 [N = 114,628; OR = 0.630 (95% CI = 0.620-0.641)], or both vaccines [N = 55,616; OR = 0.544 (95% CI = 0.531-0.556)], when compared to the individuals who received no vaccination (N = 483,083), had a lower chance of death.
The flu vaccination might be responsible for decreased mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Brazil.
本研究旨在评估流感疫苗接种对巴西住院的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者死亡率的影响。
这是一项基于巴西卫生部发布的流行病学数据的回顾性队列研究。
利用 OpenDataSUS 提供的流行病学数据进行观察性研究。主要结局为死亡-研究期间为 2019 年 12 月 29 日至 2023 年 4 月 6 日。使用多变量分析计算比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（95%CI），以评估包括流感和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗接种状况在内的流行病学标志物与结局之间的关联。
这项研究纳入了 791891 名住院的 COVID-19 患者。在研究中，男性、年龄较大、居住在农村地区以及种族（黑人和原住民），以及临床症状、合并症（除哮喘有保护作用外）、需要重症监护病房和有创机械通气，与更高的死亡几率相关；而疫苗接种则具有保护作用。在 COVID-19 患者中，接种流感疫苗者[N=138564；OR=0.754（95%CI=0.742-0.766）]、SARS-CoV-2 疫苗者[N=114628；OR=0.630（95%CI=0.620-0.641）]或同时接种两种疫苗者[N=55616；OR=0.544（95%CI=0.531-0.556）]，与未接种疫苗者[N=483083]相比，死亡几率较低。
流感疫苗的接种可能降低了巴西住院 COVID-19 患者的死亡率。
