Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Aesthetic Dentistry and Clinical Cariology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2024 Mar;36(3):484-493. doi: 10.1111/jerd.13163. Epub 2023 Nov 7.
The effects of four toothpastes on the color stability of in-office bleached tooth specimens were determined.
We evaluated an experimental toothpaste (EXP) and three commercially available toothpastes: Colgate Optic White (OPW), Aquafresh White & Protect (AWP), and Crest 3D White (CDW). OPW, AWP, and CDW contained inorganic abrasives, whereas EXP and AWP contained sodium polyphosphate. Forty-eight randomly selected human-extracted maxillary central incisors were bleached and brushed twice daily over 30 days. We analyzed the final color difference (ΔEab, ΔE , ΔWI ), arithmetic average surface roughness (Ra) of the enamel measured on days 0 and 30, and scanning electron microscopy images of enamel surfaces and toothpastes. ΔEab, ΔE , ΔWI , and Ra were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
ΔE*ab and ΔE values were significantly lower after toothbrushing with EXP, OPW, and CDW than with AWP. OPW induced the greatest positive ΔWI . Ra was significantly increased by OPW and CDW, but slightly increased by AWP, with cube-like particles, and EXP, with no particle-like structures.
Only EXP stabilized the color of bleached teeth without increasing the enamel surface roughness. Sodium polyphosphate with approximately 10 phosphate groups was effective at removing stains.
The effect of toothpaste on the color stability of bleached teeth depends on the constituting abrasives and chemical components. Polyphosphoric acid has different stain-removal effects depending on its degree of polymerization. Additionally, although certain types of abrasives may be effective for color stability, they also increase the surface roughness of the enamel.
研究四种牙膏对诊室漂白牙标本颜色稳定性的影响。
我们评估了一种实验性牙膏（EXP）和三种市售牙膏：高露洁美白（OPW）、Aquafresh 美白保护（AWP）和佳洁士 3D 美白（CDW）。OPW、AWP 和 CDW 含有无机磨料，而 EXP 和 AWP 含有多聚磷酸钠。将 48 颗随机选择的上颌中切牙离体牙漂白，每天刷牙两次，共 30 天。我们分析了最终的颜色差异（ΔEab、ΔE、ΔWI）、第 0 天和第 30 天牙釉质表面算术平均粗糙度（Ra）以及牙釉质表面和牙膏的扫描电子显微镜图像。使用单因素方差分析和 Tukey 检验（α=0.05）分析 ΔEab、ΔE、ΔWI 和 Ra。
与 AWP 相比，用 EXP、OPW 和 CDW 刷牙后，ΔE*ab 和 ΔE 值显著降低。OPW 诱导的正 ΔWI 值最大。OPW 和 CDW 显著增加 Ra，但 AWP 略有增加，有立方状颗粒，EXP 则无颗粒状结构。
只有 EXP 在不增加牙釉质表面粗糙度的情况下稳定了漂白牙齿的颜色。具有约 10 个磷酸盐基团的多聚磷酸钠对去除污渍有效。
牙膏对漂白牙颜色稳定性的影响取决于组成磨料和化学成分。聚合度不同的多磷酸对污渍的去除效果也不同。此外，虽然某些类型的磨料可能对颜色稳定性有效，但它们也会增加牙釉质的表面粗糙度。
