Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, Peru.
Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Continental, Lima, Peru.
Public Health Nutr. 2023 Dec;26(12):2982-2994. doi: 10.1017/S1368980023002513. Epub 2023 Nov 10.
To evaluate the factors associated with food insecurity (FI) among Venezuelan migrants residing in Peru. Secondarily, to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES).
A cross-sectional study based on secondary data analysis of the 2022 Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru Survey (ENPOVE-2022, from the Spanish acronym) was conducted. FI was measured with the FIES, whose properties were tested using the Rasch model. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to estimate relative prevalence ratios with their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals.
This survey was conducted in February and March 2022 in the eight cities most populated by Venezuelan migrants and refugees in Peru.
Venezuelan migrants and refugees over the age of 18 years living in Peru.
A total of 7727 participants were included. Rasch reliability was adequate (0·73). The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe FI was 36·71 %, 31·14 % and 10·48 %, respectively. Being aged 25-34 and 35-44 years, unemployed, uninsured, having no formal education or secondary, illegal status, living in a dwelling with 2-4 and more than 4 people, presenting one or more than one chronic disease, residing in Peru for 0-6 months and perceived discrimination were associated with a higher probability of moderate FI. Furthermore, having secondary education, being unemployed, uninsured, never married, illegal, residing in Tumbes, presenting one or more than one chronic disease and perceived discrimination were significantly associated with severe FI.
Four out of ten Venezuelan migrants residing in Peru presented moderate to severe FI. The FIES showed adequate psychometric properties. Differences in the socio-demographic, health and migratory factors associated with FI levels were found. Inter-sectoral and multi-sectoral interventions are needed and should be focused on addressing the determinants of FI.
评估居住在秘鲁的委内瑞拉移民中粮食不安全（FI）的相关因素。其次，评估粮食不安全体验量表（FIES）的心理计量学特性。
本研究基于 2022 年委内瑞拉人在秘鲁居住情况调查（ENPOVE-2022）的二次数据分析进行了一项横断面研究。使用 FIES 测量 FI，并用 Rasch 模型检验其特性。使用多项逻辑回归估计相对流行率比及其相应的 95%置信区间。
本调查于 2022 年 2 月至 3 月在秘鲁居住的委内瑞拉移民和难民人数最多的八个城市进行。
居住在秘鲁的年龄在 18 岁及以上的委内瑞拉移民和难民。
共纳入 7727 名参与者。Rasch 可靠性适中（0.73）。轻度、中度和重度 FI 的流行率分别为 36.71%、31.14%和 10.48%。25-34 岁和 35-44 岁、失业、没有保险、没有正规教育或中学教育、非法身份、居住在 2-4 人和 4 人以上的住所、患有一种或多种慢性疾病、在秘鲁居住 0-6 个月和感受到歧视与中度 FI 的可能性增加相关。此外，具有中学教育、失业、没有保险、未婚、非法、居住在通贝斯、患有一种或多种慢性疾病和感受到歧视与严重 FI 显著相关。
十分之四的居住在秘鲁的委内瑞拉移民患有中度至重度 FI。FIES 具有适当的心理计量学特性。发现 FI 水平相关的社会人口学、健康和移民因素存在差异。需要采取跨部门和多部门干预措施，并应侧重于解决 FI 的决定因素。
