Stonawski Marcin
Center for Advanced Studies of Population and Religion (CASPAR), Krakow University of Economics, Krakow, Poland.
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 15;20(9):e0332084. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0332084. eCollection 2025.
This study concentrates on the unparalleled exodus of Venezuelans in recent years. By June 2024, the global population of Venezuelan migrants and refugees had reached 7.7 million, with 6.6 million settling in Latin America. This represents one of the most significant migration outflows of the 21st century, with estimated numbers exceeding those of emigration from Afghanistan, Ukraine and Syria. However, coping strategies and integration of Venezuelans in hosting countries is understudied phenomenon in comparison to other migration movements. The aim of this paper is to examine patterns of coping among Venezuelan migrants. By analyzing coping strategies, we aim to contribute to enhance understanding of the characteristics of Venezuelan migrants in the context of their adaptation in the host countries in Latin America. We conducted a survey among Venezuelan migrants in Peru in 2023. The study is based on the Lazarus and Folkman model of stress and coping. A Coping Strategy Inventory-SF instrument and a Latent Class Analysis method were employed to distinguish three homogeneous subgroups in terms of coping strategies. We found three such subgroups: problem engagers, hybrid engagers and mixed strategy users. These groups exhibit distinct characteristics with regards to age, sex, education and optimism. The article highlights the heterogeneity in the use of coping strategies among Venezuelan migrants. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one to apply Lazarus and Folkman's model in conjunction with Latent Class Analysis in the field of migration studies. We strongly believe the proposed approach is useful in increasing our understanding about coping strategies and integration among migrant populations.
本研究聚焦于近年来委内瑞拉人前所未有的大规模外流。截至2024年6月，全球委内瑞拉移民和难民人口已达770万，其中660万定居在拉丁美洲。这是21世纪最重大的移民潮之一，估计人数超过了从阿富汗、乌克兰和叙利亚移出的人数。然而，与其他移民潮相比，委内瑞拉人在东道国的应对策略和融入情况是一个研究不足的现象。本文旨在研究委内瑞拉移民的应对模式。通过分析应对策略，我们旨在增进对委内瑞拉移民在拉丁美洲东道国适应背景下的特征的理解。我们于2023年对秘鲁的委内瑞拉移民进行了一项调查。该研究基于拉扎勒斯和福克曼的压力与应对模型。采用了应对策略量表简版工具和潜在类别分析方法，以便根据应对策略区分出三个同质亚组。我们发现了三个这样的亚组：问题解决者、混合应对者和混合策略使用者。这些群体在年龄、性别、教育程度和乐观程度方面表现出不同的特征。本文强调了委内瑞拉移民在应对策略使用上的异质性。据我们所知，本研究是第一项在移民研究领域将拉扎勒斯和福克曼的模型与潜在类别分析结合应用的研究。我们坚信所提出的方法有助于增进我们对应对策略和移民群体融入情况的理解。
