Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy.
Experimental and Applied Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Oct 28;20(21):6992. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20216992.
Work-family conflict is a prominent issue, especially in our society, where people are expected to fulfil many roles simultaneously. Work and family life demands significantly impact an individual's overall well-being, especially for women, since they typically balance caregiving for children and elderly relatives with careers. Therefore, highlighting which factors might protect women from experiencing work-family conflict is essential to enhance women's and their family's well-being. Thus, the main aim of the present study was to systematically review previous research on women's coping strategies and protective factors which can reduce the negative effects of work-family conflict. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search of three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus). After the screening and the eligibility phases, we included a final set of 13 studies. Most of these studies adopted a cross-sectional design (N = 10), and a few adopted a longitudinal one (N = 3). Results highlighted the role of different personal (e.g., hardiness, self-esteem, locus of control) and relational factors (e.g., family and work support) that significantly reduce the negative effects of work-family conflict in women's lives. Findings, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.
工作-家庭冲突是一个突出的问题，特别是在我们的社会中，人们期望同时扮演多种角色。工作和家庭生活的需求对个人的整体幸福感有重大影响，特别是对女性而言，因为她们通常需要在职业和照顾孩子和老年亲属之间取得平衡。因此，强调哪些因素可以保护女性免受工作-家庭冲突的影响对于提高女性及其家庭的幸福感至关重要。因此，本研究的主要目的是系统地回顾先前关于女性应对策略和保护因素的研究，这些策略和保护因素可以减轻工作-家庭冲突的负面影响。根据 PRISMA 指南，我们在三个数据库（PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Scopus）中进行了文献检索。经过筛选和资格审查阶段，我们最终纳入了 13 项研究。这些研究大多采用横断面设计（N=10），少数采用纵向设计（N=3）。结果强调了不同的个人因素（如坚韧、自尊、控制点）和关系因素（如家庭和工作支持）在显著减轻女性生活中工作-家庭冲突的负面影响方面的作用。讨论了研究结果、实际意义和未来的研究方向。
