Unit for Experimental Psychiatry, Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Nov 6;20(21):7024. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20217024.
Aircraft noise can disrupt sleep and impair recuperation. The last U.S. investigation into the effects of aircraft noise on sleep dates back more than 20 years. Since then, traffic patterns and the noise levels produced by single aircraft have changed substantially. It is therefore important to acquire current data on sleep disturbance relative to varying degrees of aircraft noise exposure in the U.S. that can be used to check and potentially update the existing noise policy. This manuscript describes the design, procedures, and analytical approaches of the FAA's National Sleep Study. Seventy-seven U.S. airports with relevant nighttime air traffic from 39 states are included in the sampling frame. Based on simulation-based power calculations, the field study aims to recruit 400 participants from four noise strata and record an electrocardiogram (ECG), body movement, and sound pressure levels in the bedroom for five consecutive nights. The primary outcome of the study is an exposure-response function between the instantaneous, maximum A-weighted sound pressure levels (dBA) of individual aircraft measured in the bedroom and awakening probability inferred from changes in heart rate and body movement. Self-reported sleep disturbance due to aircraft noise is the secondary outcome that will be associated with long-term average noise exposure metrics such as the Day-Night Average Sound Level (DNL) and the Nighttime Equivalent Sound Level (). The effect of aircraft noise on several other physiological and self-report outcomes will also be investigated. This study will provide key insights into the effects of aircraft noise on objectively and subjectively assessed sleep disturbance.
飞机噪音会干扰睡眠并影响恢复。美国上一次对飞机噪音对睡眠影响的调查可追溯到 20 多年前。从那时起，交通模式和单架飞机产生的噪音水平发生了很大变化。因此，获取有关美国不同程度飞机噪音暴露与睡眠干扰相关的当前数据非常重要，这些数据可用于检查和可能更新现有的噪音政策。本文介绍了 FAA 国家睡眠研究的设计、程序和分析方法。该抽样框架包括美国 39 个州的 77 个夜间有相关空中交通的机场。基于基于模拟的功率计算，现场研究旨在从四个噪声层招募 400 名参与者，并在连续五个晚上记录卧室中的心电图（ECG）、身体运动和声压级。该研究的主要结果是在卧室中测量的单个飞机的瞬时、最大 A 加权声压级（dBA）与从心率和身体运动变化推断的唤醒概率之间的暴露反应函数。由于飞机噪音导致的自我报告的睡眠障碍是次要结果，它将与长期平均噪声暴露指标（如昼夜平均声级（DNL）和夜间等效声级（）相关联。还将研究飞机噪音对其他几个生理和自我报告结果的影响。这项研究将为飞机噪音对客观和主观评估的睡眠干扰的影响提供重要的见解。
