Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Oncogene. 2024 Jan;43(2):106-122. doi: 10.1038/s41388-023-02885-2. Epub 2023 Nov 11.
VPS35 is a key subunit of the retromer complex responsible for recognising cytosolic retrieval signals in cargo and is involved in neurodegenerative disease and tumour progression. However, the function and molecular mechanism of VPS35 in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that VPS35 was significantly upregulated in GC, which was associated with poor survival. VPS35 promoted GC cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, VPS35 activated FAK-SRC kinases through integrin-mediated outside-in signalling, leading to the activation of YAP and subsequent IL-6 expression induction in tumour cells. What's more, combined mass spectrometry analysis of MGC-803 cell and bioinformatic analysis, we found that phosphorylation of VPS35 was enhanced in GC cells, and phosphorylated VPS35 has enhanced interaction with ITGB3. VPS35 interacted with ITGB3 and affected the recycling of ITGB3 in GC cells. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that VPS35 promoted tumour proliferation and metastasis via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Interestingly, we also found that STAT3 directly bound to the VPS35 promoter and increased VPS35 transcription, thereby establishing a positive regulatory feedback loop. In addition, we demonstrated that VPS35 knockdown sensitised GC cells to 5-FU and cisplatin. These findings provide evidence that VPS35 promotes tumour proliferation and metastasis, and highlight the potential of targeting VPS35- and IL-6/STAT3-mediated tumour interactions as promising therapeutic strategies for GC.
VPS35 是负责识别货物中胞质内回收信号的逆行体复合物的关键亚基,与神经退行性疾病和肿瘤进展有关。然而,VPS35 在胃癌(GC)中的功能和分子机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里,我们证明 VPS35 在 GC 中显著上调,与生存不良有关。VPS35 在体外和体内均促进 GC 细胞的增殖和转移。在机制上,VPS35 通过整合素介导的外向信号激活 FAK-SRC 激酶,导致 YAP 的激活和随后肿瘤细胞中 IL-6 的表达诱导。更重要的是,通过 MGC-803 细胞的质谱分析和生物信息学分析,我们发现 GC 细胞中 VPS35 的磷酸化增强,磷酸化的 VPS35 与 ITGB3 的相互作用增强。VPS35 与 ITGB3 相互作用并影响 GC 细胞中 ITGB3 的回收。增益和缺失功能实验表明,VPS35 通过 IL-6/STAT3 通路促进肿瘤增殖和转移。有趣的是,我们还发现 STAT3 直接与 VPS35 启动子结合并增加 VPS35 转录,从而建立了正反馈调节环。此外,我们证明 VPS35 敲低使 GC 细胞对 5-FU 和顺铂敏感。这些发现为 VPS35 促进肿瘤增殖和转移提供了证据,并强调了靶向 VPS35 和 IL-6/STAT3 介导的肿瘤相互作用作为 GC 有前途的治疗策略的潜力。
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