Ohta Ryuichi, Yata Akiko, Sano Chiaki
Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan, JPN.
Family Medicine, Community Nurse Company, Izumo, JPN.
Cureus. 2023 Oct 12;15(10):e46881. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46881. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Background Medical care now emphasizes community health, prevention, health promotion, and collaboration. Integrating medical students into community health initiatives enhances their community health and student skills. In an aging multicultural population, the involvement of healthcare professionals in community health management is vital. However, medical education in Japan lacks sufficient exposure to community health issues. A program in Shimane Prefecture aimed to address this gap by revolutionizing medical education through community organizations. Methods This study employed a reflexive thematic analysis based on relativist ontology and constructivist epistemology. Participants aspiring to be healthcare professionals from Japanese high schools and universities were recruited from rural Shimane Prefecture. Computer-based questionnaires were used to collect data on participants' reasons, motivations, and visions for community-organizing education. The thematic analysis followed Braun and Clarke's approach and involved systematic coding, theme identification, and refinement. Results Three themes emerged from the analysis. In expanding hopes for unknown potential, participants sought improved communication skills, real-world understandings, and fresh perspectives and aimed to promote personal growth through community engagement. In acquiring activeness and new perspectives through connections with peers, hands-on learning and collaboration with peers with shared interests were motivating factors. Participants sought to generate inquiries and discover their activities. Regarding the desire to connect with diverse individuals driven by a strong curiosity about the community, participants aimed to learn community engagement techniques, understand community involvement methods, and explore the relationship between social issues and health. Conclusion Community-organizing education plays a pivotal role in shaping future healthcare professionals. Our analysis underscores the need for curriculum reform, including experiential learning and peer interaction, to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of health and community dynamics. Future studies should assess the long-term impacts of these experiences on students' careers and community health to contribute to advancements in medical education and community-oriented healthcare professionalism.
背景 如今，医疗保健强调社区健康、预防、健康促进与协作。将医学生融入社区健康倡议可提升他们的社区健康意识及学生技能。在老龄化的多元文化人群中，医疗保健专业人员参与社区健康管理至关重要。然而，日本的医学教育对社区健康问题的接触不足。岛根县的一个项目旨在通过社区组织对医学教育进行革新，以弥补这一差距。
方法 本研究采用基于相对主义本体论和建构主义认识论的反思性主题分析。从岛根县农村地区招募了有志成为医疗保健专业人员的日本高中和大学学生。通过计算机问卷收集有关参与者参与社区组织教育的原因、动机和愿景的数据。主题分析遵循布劳恩和克拉克的方法，包括系统编码、主题识别和细化。
结果 分析得出三个主题。在拓展对未知潜力的期望方面，参与者寻求提高沟通技巧、对现实世界的理解和新视角，并旨在通过社区参与促进个人成长。在通过与同龄人建立联系获得积极性和新视角方面，实践学习以及与有共同兴趣的同龄人合作是激励因素。参与者试图引发疑问并发现自己的活动。关于因对社区的强烈好奇心而渴望与不同个体建立联系，参与者旨在学习社区参与技巧、了解社区参与方法，并探索社会问题与健康之间的关系。
结论 社区组织教育在塑造未来医疗保健专业人员方面发挥着关键作用。我们的分析强调了课程改革的必要性，包括体验式学习和同伴互动，以促进对健康和社区动态的全面理解。未来的研究应评估这些经历对学生职业和社区健康的长期影响，以推动医学教育和以社区为导向的医疗保健专业性的进步。
